摘要： 以冬枣和雄性不育3号为母本,大叶无核枣等品种为父本进行品种间授粉,在荧光显微镜下观察人工授粉后柱头上花粉的黏附、萌发和花粉管生长情况。结果表明,不同授粉组合之间有花粉黏附柱头比率、单柱头平均花粉数、有萌发花粉的柱头比率和单柱头平均花粉萌发率差异显著。经不同品种授粉后,冬枣有花粉黏附柱头比率和有萌发花粉的柱头比率之间,及单柱头平均花粉数和单柱头平均花粉萌发率之间无相关性。冬枣×大叶无核枣、冬枣×无核小枣和冬枣×苹果枣三个组合的花粉萌发率高且花粉管更容易深入花柱,是较为理想的杂交组合。

关键词: 枣, 杂交组合, 花粉萌发, 荧光观察

Abstract: The pollen-stigma binding, germination of pollen and growth of pollen tube were observed under fluorescent microscope in Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) after manual pollination using cult ivar Dongzao and JMS3 as female parent and Dayewuhe and other cultivars as male pollinators. The rate of stigma with binding pollen (RSBP), the rate of stigma with germinating pollen (RSGP), the number of pollen per stigma (NPPS) and the germination rate per stigma(GRPS) changed significantly among cross combinations. No significant relationships were found between RSBP, RSGP, NPPS and GRPS. As with relative higher pollen germinat ion rate and more vigorous growth of pollen tube, the combinat ions of Dongzao× Dayewuhezao, Dongzao @Wuhexiaozao and Dongzao× Pingguozao were recommented for cross breeding of Chinese jujube.

Key words: Chinese jujube, Cross combinations, Pollen germinat ion, Fluorescent microscope

中图分类号: 

• S665.1