摘要： 以4个冬小麦品种的成熟胚为外植体,研究了温度预处理、愈伤组织诱导培养基中2,4-D浓度和分化培养基激素种类及其配比对小麦成熟胚愈伤组织形成和分化的影响。结果表明,与室温25℃相比,低温4℃预处理能明显改善愈伤组织的形成率。适宜愈伤组织形成的诱导培养基中2,4-D浓度以4 mg/L为宜,分化培养基中含有1 mg/LKT+2 mg/L 6-BA较仅含有1 mg/L KT或2 mg/L 6-BA能明显促进愈伤组织的分化。相同培养条件下,不同品种间的愈伤组织形成和再生能力存在较大差异。因此,进行低温种子预处理、愈伤组织诱导过程中采用适宜的2,4-D浓度,以及分化过程中采用适宜的激素组合是冬小麦高频愈伤组织形成和分化的重要条件。

关键词: 冬小麦, 成熟胚, 愈伤组织, 分化

Abstract: Using the mature embryos of four winter wheat cultivars to be the explants, the effects of pre-treatments of temperature, 2, 4-D concentrat ions in callus format ion medium, and phytohormone types and their combination in callus differentiation medium on callus formation and differentiation were studied. The results showed that low temperature (4℃) pre-treatment could obviously improve the callus formation rate compared to room temperature pretreatment (25℃). Suitable 2, 4-D concentrat ion for callus formation in the callus induction medium was 4 mg/ L. The combination of phytohormones of 1 mg/L KT + 2 mg/L 6-BA had higher the callus differentiation rate than those in 1 mg/ L KT or in 2 mg/ L 6-BA, the single type of phytohormone treatment. Under the same culture condit ion, there were dramatic differences on callus formation and differentiation among the tested cultivars. Thus, low temperature pretreatment, using suitable 2, 4-D concentration during the callus induction process, combining the suitable phytohormone combination in callus differentiation are important factors, to improve the callus formation and differentiat ion, when using the mature embryo to be the plant regeneration explants.

Key words: Winter wheat, Mature embryo, Callus, Differentiat ion

中图分类号: 

• S512.1