摘要： 针对设施菜田连续超量施肥的生产现状,采用设施菜田、露地菜田和粮棉田对比采样的方法,研究了设施菜田磷、钾养分的形态、含量与积累特点。结果表明:设施菜田0~25和25~50 cm土层中磷、钾养分含量均有明显积累,磷素的积累程度强于钾素,且随设施栽培年限增加而加重,近几年土壤钾素积累有加快的趋势。无机磷各形态含量结果表明,Ca2-P,Ca8-P所占的比例为设施菜田>露地菜田>粮棉田,速效钾和缓效钾含量也呈相同趋势,说明积累态磷、钾仍具有较高的有效性。

关键词: 设施菜田, 养分状态, 土壤磷, 土壤钾, 积累, 特点

Abstract: Phosphorus and potassium morphology, content and accumulation characteristic of greenhouse were studied to distinguish the present situation of successive and excessive fertilization in greenhouse, using the means of comparison sampling in greenhouse, open vegetable field and grain -cotton field. The results showed that both phosphorus and potass- i um content had obviously accumulation in the 0- 25 and 25- 50 cm layers of greenhouse, and the accumulation of phos - phorus was higher than that of potassium, and the accumulation was higher and higher with protected cultivation age of greenhouse.Recent years the potassium accumulation in soil had the quickening tendency.The study on different morpho- l ogy and content of inorganic phosphorus showed that the proportion of Ca₂ -P, Ca ₈ -P in greenhouse was higher than that in open vegetable field and in grain -cotton field, and that in open vegetable field preceded that in grain - cotton field.The same tendency was found in slow available potassium content?Those showed that the accumulation phosphorus and potas -sium still had high validity.

Key words: Greenhouse soil, Nutrient status, Soil phosphorus, Soil potassium, Accumulation, Characteristic

中图分类号: 

• S143