摘要： 从水稻花粉粒、植株形态、种子形态和染色体计数等方面分别对不同倍性水稻植株的染色体倍性进行了鉴定。鉴定结果表明,随着细胞染色体倍性的增加,植物细胞和器官体积一般趋于增大,水稻花粉粒大小与染色体数目和倍性存在正相关性,可作为鉴定水稻倍性的参考指标;水稻植株形态和籽粒大小、芒的有无、着粒密度和结实率高低等性状与染色体倍性同样具有相关性,亦可作为鉴定水稻倍性的参考指标。

关键词: 水稻, 染色体, 倍性鉴定

Abstract: This paper identified the chromosomal ploidy of rice according to the pollen,plant morphology,seed mor-phology and chromosome number.The results showed that the size of plant cells and organs tends to be enlarged with the increase of chromosomal ploidy .It was concluded that the size of pollen in rice has a positive correlation with the chromo-some number and ploidy,while the plant morphology,grain size,availability of awn,grain density,setting percentage and other traits also have some correlation with the chromosomal ploidy.They can be a reference to distinguish the chromoso-mal ploidy of rice.

Key words: Rice, Chromosome, Identification of ploidy

中图分类号: 

• S511.035.2