摘要： 研究了播种方式对不同耕层水分及小麦生理特性的影响，结果表明，沟播土壤踏实，水分下渗后不易散失，保水能力强；直播麦田的土壤疏松，表层水分容易散失，而且下渗也快，水分不易保存；2种播种方式都能使小麦旗叶保持较高的绿色持续期，有利于提高光合作用，增加干物质积累；沟播小麦的根系下层分布比例较大，单位重量的根不仅能支撑较重的地上部，也能承担较多穗数和粒重；沟播产量大于直播，增产约8.4%。

关键词: 冬小麦, 播种方式, 耕层水分, 生理特性

Abstract: The effects of different sowing ways on the topsoil water and physiological characteristics of winter wheat were studied.The result showed that the soil was solid and the soil water was not easily evaporated in trench planting,so the soil had strong water rentention ability.In direct seeding,the soil was loose and water in soil surface layer was easy to disappear and infiltrated quickly,so the water holding ability of the soil was poor.In both sowing ways,the flag leaves could maintain a long green duration,which is beneficial to enhancing the photosynthesis and dry material weight;The distribution proportion of wheat roots in trench planting is bigger in lower level soil than in the surface layer soil,which contributes to the increase of ear numbers and grain weight.The yield of trench planting is about 8.4%higher than that of direct seeding.

Key words: Winter wheat, Sowing ways, Topsoil water, Physiological characteristic

中图分类号: 

• S512.01