摘要： 将λDNA导入中国春后,在当代花粉母细胞(PMC)减数分裂过程中,观察到了单价体、染色体落后、染色体桥、微核、细胞多极分裂等异常现象,发生异常现象的PMC约占观察总PMC的25.54%。这些染色体异常可能是异源DNA整合到受体染色体,进行染色体重排所引起的复杂细胞学反应。后代植株在茎秆硬度、株高,穗长、穗形、小穗数、穗粒数、麦芒有无、结实率、成熟期等形态性状方面发生了明显的变异。发生变异的可能机制是异源遗传物质进入细胞核以后,通过重排整合到了受体的染色体上,从而激活受体本身的一些沉默基因,或者抑制了一些基因的表达;导入的异源基因直接表达,改变了受体后代的表现型;异源DNA导入受体后引起了染色体结构变异。
关键词:
中国春,
花粉母细胞,
减数分裂,
异常现象
Abstract: After introducing lambda phage DNA into China spring,many abnormal ities in meiosis of pollen mother cell are observed among D1 plant. Abnormalit ies observed are as follow: chromosome la gging, chromosome bridge, micr onucleus, chromosome fra gment,which is 25. 54%of total PMC observed. The main reason of abnormal meiosis of PMC are the complicated c ytological reaction of recipient af ter exogenous DNA intr oduced into recipient chromoses. There are also distinct differences on some characters l ike that stalk rigidity, plant height, ear length, ear type, spikelet number, grain number of spike,wheat a wn and mature period among unborn strains. These pos sible mechanism which generate characters′variation are such as: Exogenous DNA r oused the recipient silent genes or restrained recipient expres sive genes after it introduced into recipient chromosomes; Exogenous genetic express ion changed the recipient unborn characters; Exogenous DNA evoked recipient chromosomes' structure abnormities.
Key words:
China spring,
Pollen mother cell,
Meiosis,
Variation
中图分类号:
栾生, 于元杰, 张玉喜, 丁斌. λDNA导入中国春后花粉母细胞减数分裂染色体行为及性状变异观察[J]. 华北农学报, 2003, 18(1): 54-58. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-7091.2003.01.016.
LUAN Sheng, YU Yuan jie, ZHANG Yu xi, DING Bin. Observation on Chromosomal Behavior Among Meiosis of Pollen Mother Cells and Abnormal Characters by Introduced Lambda Phage DNA into Chinese Spring[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2003, 18(1): 54-58. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-7091.2003.01.016.