摘要： 观察结果表明,糜子小孢子发生与花粉发育的细胞学过程,与稻麦等禾本科作物相似:减数分裂属顺序型,一般形成等面形四分体;也观察到线形、T形及各种倾斜形的四分体;小孢子经两次有丝分裂发育成三核型花粉粒;成熟的花粉粒为球形,具一个萌发孔,直径48(45～52)μm.花粉发育过程中,生殖细胞的运动、淀粉积累时期及花粉粒体积增大动态的观察结果与一些报道不同.糜子的小孢子发生和花粉发育与花药长度存在密切关系,而花药长度随时间呈S形增长方式.本文利用上述关系求得小孢子发生与花粉发育各阶段的经历时间.

关键词: 糜子, 减数分裂, 小孢子发生, 花粉发育

Abstract: The squash or smear method was used for cytologcial observations on the nicrosporogenesis and pollen development in broomcorn millet (Panicum mi-liaceum). The results showed that the cytological changes were similar to that of rice, wheat and other graminaceous crops. The meiosis of the micros-porocyte is of successive type, which usually forms isobilateral tetrad, line ar, T-shaped and slapt tetrads were foud also. The microspore undergoes two mitosis to form 3-celled pollen grains. The mature pollen grain is round, has one aperture and a diameter of 48 (45-52) μm. In pollen development, the movement of generrative cell, the stage cf starch accumulation, the increase in pollen volume and other characters observed were different from some reports.The progress of microsporogenesis and pollen development were closely associated with anther length, and the anther length increased with sigmoidal pattern on time. In the present paper, according to above relationships, the durations of each period of microsporogensis and pollen development were determined.

Key words: Proomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum), Meiosis, Microsporo-genesis, Pollen development