摘要： 利用自花结实的4D缺体小麦作母本，与中2、中5及中1001等八倍体小偃麦杂交，获得的杂种F1植株除4D缺体×中5育性极低外，其余组合略低于普通小麦×八倍体小偃麦的自交结实率。杂种F1体细胞2n=48.4D缺体×中2的F1花粉母细胞减数分裂MI染色体配对的平均构型为18.81（15-22）Ⅱ+0.57（0-3）Ⅲ+0.11（0-2）Ⅳ+8.23（6-10）Ⅰ。观察结果同时表明：（1）单价体的分布在每个PMC中以8为众数；（2）单价体之中的两个在多数的PNCs中能形成次级联合配对，说明4D与4E染色体具有部分同源关系；（3）杂种F1多数花粉母细胞中多价体的出现表明八倍体小偃麦中E染色体组具有促进部分同源染色体配对的基因。

关键词: 小麦, 天蓝偃麦草, 缺体, 减数分裂

Abstract: Hybrids were produced from crossing one 4D-nullisomics with three 8X-Agrotriticum.F1plants derived from 4DN/Zhong 5 were nearly sterile.Other two hybrids were fertile.but grain set percent was lower than that of wheat×Agrotriticum.The hybrid plants were morphologically intermediate between the parents and had 2n=48 chromosomes.Meiotic behaviour of(4DN/Zhong 2)F1confirmed that one average PMC had 18.81(15-22)11+0.57(0-3)Ⅲ+0.11(0-2)Ⅳ+8.23(6-10)Ⅰchromosomes at meiotic FI.It was found thats(1)the frequency of PMCs with eight univalents in the distribution of univalent numbers was mode;(2)secondary synaptic pairing of 4D and 4E chromosome was observed.We think that they may be homeologous chromosomes,and 4E chromosome can compensate for the function of 4D chromosome;(3)high frequency of multivalents indicates that Agropyron glaucum have a gene(genes)to promote pairing of homeologous chromosomes.

Key words: Wheat, Agropyron glaucum, Nullisomics, Meiosis

中图分类号: 

• S512.101