摘要： 以黔麦7号和辐63两个冬小麦品种为材料,研究了环境因子对小麦幼苗白粉病萌发的影响,结果表明,感病品种辐63在6℃就可被侵染,但不能扩展,适宜温度为14～22℃,最适为18℃左右,感病品种辐63在任何湿度下,白粉病都可完成侵染,但随着湿度的升高,发病率增高;随着施氮水平的提高,感病品种的白粉病始发期、盛发期变短,发病率升高,但变化不如温度和湿度的影响大,且中低氮下,变化基本一致,随着光线强度的减弱,小麦幼苗白粉病的始/感发期变短,发病率升高,但变化不大。两类品种间存在明显差异,抗病品种黔麦7号在任何条件下都表现出了对白粉病的抗性。

关键词: 小麦, 白粉病, 萌发, 环境因子

Abstract: Effects of environmental factors on powdery mildew in wheat seedling were studied in two wheat varieties(cv.Fu63,hypersensitive to the disease and Qianmai 7,resistance to the disease) from 1998 to 2000 in the greenhouse of SDAU,Taian,China.The main results were as follows:powdery mildew could infect the disease sensitive variety of Fu 63 at 6℃,but it didn't enlarge at 6℃.The suitable tempreture for the infection ranged from 14 to 22℃ and optimum tempreture was 18℃.Powdery mildew could infect Fu 63 at any moisture.Disease infection ratio increased with the enviromental moisture.With the increasing of N application rate,the initial stage and the developing stage of the powdery mildew on hipersentive variety changed shorter and disease infection ratio increased.But the range of infection ratio that changed with N rate was not as much as that with the change of temperature and moisture.Under low and middium N level conditions,the infection ratio did not change almostly.The initial stage and the developing stage of the powdery mildew on hypersensitive variety changed shorter and disease infection increased with the light weakened,but the changing range was limited.Obvious difference existed between two varieties.Qianmai 7 behaved resistance to powdery mildew in any conditions.

Key words: Wheat, Powdery mildew, Germination, Enviromental factor

中图分类号: 

• S435.1+4