摘要： 利用¹⁵N同位素示踪技术研究不同施肥处理对小麦各器官氮素含量、NDFF（氮素含量来自肥料氮的百分比）、植株的氮素利用率以及产量和蛋白质含量的影响。结果表明：在收获期小麦各器官的含氮量为子粒>叶片>根系>叶鞘>颖壳；各器官的NDFF以根系最多，其次为子粒和茎秆；以增加底肥的比例和分次追肥处理的植株氮素利用率较高；以分次追肥处理的产量最高；以增加追肥比例处理的子粒蛋白质含量最高。

关键词: 冬小麦, 施氮, 氮素利用, 15N示踪

Abstract: This paper studies the effects of different treatments on nitrogen content in various organs, NDFF (percentage of nitrogen content from nitrogen in fertilizer) of plant, the nitrogen utilizing coefficient of plant, grain yield and protein content in winter wheat by 15N tracer technique. The main results showed that the nitrogen content in various organs ranked from high to low as follows: grain, leaf, root, sheath and chaff in wheat at harvest stage. The NDFF was the highest in root, the second in grain and culm; the nitrogen utilizing coefficient of plant was higher in treatment E (nitrogen bottom application; additional nitrogen=6:4) and C (additional nitrogen used in two times). The grain yield was highest in treatment C, and the grain protein content was highest in treatment D (nitrogen bottom application: additional nitrogen=4:6).

Key words: Winter wheat, Nitrogen application, Nitrogen utilization, 15N tracer