摘要： 利用各种类型隐性雄性核不育材料和各种类型谷子品种测交,从F₂代选择不同类型天然混合授粉结实的不育穗,混合种植,混合授粉.以后各世代均选择异交结实不育穗,其育和不育均进行1∶1分离,使其进行多父多母开放式相互多代授粉,基因充分交换、重组,建成谷子“综合动态基因库”.从谷子“综合动态基因库”中选出适宜的优良品种,即谷子综合种.研究结果表明,综合种比系选品种和常规杂交品种抗病、抗旱、抗倒伏,具有广泛的适应性.

关键词: 谷子, 育种, 综合种, 基因库, 异交结实, 不育穗

Abstract: The test cross was made by use of various types of recessive genie male-sterile materials and different varieties of foxtail millet. The seeds from the sterile spikelets. which was born through mixed open-pollination in F2, were mixed for sowing and pollenizing. Then the exogamy sterile spikelets were selected in the following successive generations for divorsing (the score of thier fertility and sterility was 1:1) , and mixed open-pollination was made among them to change and recombine the genes fully and set a synthetic and dynamic gene pool, from which a suitable and excellent variety-syntheticvariety of millet-was selected. The resuh showed that the synthetic variety-had stronger adaptability and resistibility to diseases, drought and lodging than the varieties obtained through pedigree selection or conventional crossing.

Key words: Foxtail millet, Breeding, Synthetic variety, Gene pool, Exogamy bea-ring, Sterile spikelets