Abstract: We study the anatomical structure of Panicum miliaceum vegetative organ by microsection means, get out major conclusion. 1.The root system of Panicum miliaceum has a number of stratums, it produces lateral root powerfully and absorbs water. So the yield of Panicum miliaceum can be ensured under a few precipitation or nonir-rigated condition in dry region. 2.The exposed part of Panicum miliaceum has a large number epidermal hair, it is a structure to resist drought and heat-hardy. 3.A good many place of root, stem and leaf has a more developmental mechanical tissues, which substaining power strongly, that lose moisture difficult. 4.The buliiform cells of the upper epidermis of Panicum miliaceum leaf are very developed, it deep in leaf pulp about 40-20%, that possibly have relations with reduce transpiration strength. 5.The cross section of Panicum miliaceum leaf has a evident vascular bundle structure that take the form of floral hoop. This is a model type structure of C₄ plant, so to mean it can adept drought, high-temperature and strong light of north climate environment, and that there is large latent capacity to increase production.

Key words: Panicum miliaceum L., Morphologicol anotomy, Vegetative organ