摘要： 通过8年定位试验,研究了长期施肥对褐土及其微团聚体中磷素形态分布和有效性的影响。结果表明,褐土磷素组成以无机磷为主,各级微团聚体各形态磷素含量均随粒级减小而增加,磷素有效性<10μm粒级最高,10～50μm粒级最低。不施肥处理土壤及其微团聚体各形态磷素含量显著减少;施肥均可提高土壤及其微团聚体磷素含量,全磷和无机磷含量以增量NPK化肥处理增加最多,有机磷和有效磷含量则以有机肥(物)料配施化肥处理较高,微团聚体各粒级磷素消耗或积累幅度因施肥制度而异。单施化肥处理土壤及其微团聚体中磷有效性降低,有机肥(物)料配施常量NPK化肥处理积累态磷有效性显著提高。采用有机肥(物)料配施常量NPK化肥是改善土壤磷素肥力的有效措施。

关键词: 长期施肥, 褐土, 微团聚体, 磷素, 形态分布, 有效性

Abstract: Eight years location experiment was conducted in cinnamon soil in Hebei province to study the effect of long-term fertilization on fractions and distribution and availability of phosphorus in cinnamon soil and its microaggregates． The results showed that the composition of phosphorus in cinnamon soil was main inorganic phosphorus． With the sizes of micro-aggregates decreased， the content of every P fractions increased． The effectiveness of phosphorus in ＜10 μm micro-aggregates was highest，and in 10-50 μm micro-aggregates lowest． No fertilization remarkably decreased the content of every P fractions in cinnamon soil and its micro-aggregates． Fertilization increased the content of phosphorus in cinnamon soil and its micro-aggregates． The increase of the content of total phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus with increment NPK fertilizers was most． The content of organic P and available P with application organic manure combined with usual NPK was higher than the other treatments． Range of P consumption and accumulation in every sizes micro-aggregates was different under different fertilizer regimes． The constant NPK fertilizers decreased the effectiveness of phosphorus in soil and its micro-aggregates． Organic manure combined with usual NPK fertilizers remarkably increased the effectiveness of residual phosphorus． And it is the most effective way to improve soil phosphorus fertility．

Key words: Long-term fertilization, Cinnamon soil, Micro-aggregates, Phosphorus, Fractions and distribution, Availability

中图分类号: 

• S158． 5