摘要： 全面分析了国内外关于各类果蔬研究的历史与现状,指出了存在的问题。即:1)研究的品种只集中在苹果、柑橘、梨、桃、草莓、马铃薯上;2)单纯地进行果蔬机械特性和流变力学损伤的研究:3)结合果蔬的热特性进行流变学损伤的研究甚少;4)只进行单果压缩试验,多果压缩试验未见报道。同时指出今后果蔬的流变学研究应加强的方面:1)根据西北地区区域种植特点与甜瓜独特的结构及生理特点.应加强甜瓜的流变学研究;2)对压缩期间甜瓜的细胞膨压变化、生化成分变化与流变损伤效应的交叉影响进行研究;3)结合果蔬物料的热特性进行甜瓜流变学损伤效应的研究;4)研究压缩后损伤的发展,为货架期的预测提供理论依据;5)以单果、多果压缩试验结论为基础,进行包装系统的优化设计。

关键词: 果蔬, 甜瓜, 压缩, 流变, 分析

Abstract: The status quo and history of the studies on rheology of compression of fruits and vegetables is reviewed.Some problems are pointed out.Those are:1)All the studies have been focused on the few varieties of apples,oranges,berries,pears and peach and potatoes;2)The mechanical properties and rheological damage of the fruits and vegetables were studied without combining other properties.3)The studies on theological damages combining with thermal properties are very few;4)Only compressions of single sample were studied,compressions of several samples have never been conducted.Some study directions to be taken in the future are pointed out:1) The study of theology on melons should be reinforced according to the physiological structure and plant characters of melons in north-west regions in China;2)Rheological study on melons will be taken combining with the tissue 'turgor pressure change and biochemical changes during compression;3)Rheological study on fruits should be taken combining with their thermal properties;4)Damage development will be studied after compression in order to predict shelf-life of fruits;5)Pakage system will be designed perfectly on the basis of compressive tests of both single sample and several samples.

Key words: Fruits and vegetables, Melons compression, Rheology, Analysis

中图分类号: 

• O37

• S630.93

• S660.93