摘要： 研究了经花药培养诱导出来的402个当代花粉植株和加倍后新生的茎蘖叶表皮组织细胞的变异状况.首次发现,倍性不同,其叶表皮组织细胞结构、形状、大小不一样.同时,混倍体植株叶表皮组织不同倍性细胞呈现嵌合现象,并沿叶脉成带状变化.明确了气孔密度、保卫细胞大小与倍数有密切关系.叶表皮组织细胞发生变异而产生新类型的重要原因是植物体细胞的染色体数目不同.这就为辨别植物倍性和预测结实情况提供了可靠的依据和简便精确的方法.

关键词: 花粉植株, 叶表皮组织细胞, 染色体, 变异

Abstract: The variation of leaf epidermal tissue cell from 402 current pollen plants induced by anther culture and doubled.regenerative stems and tillers was studied. It was first found that the cell structure, shape and size in leaf epidermal tissus was various owing to difference in ploidy. Chimerism occ-ured among different ploidy cells in the leaf epidermal tissue in mixoploid plant, which varied along leaf veins in tne form of band. If was also determined that the density of stoma and the size of guard cell were closely related to the ploidy.The important reason for development of new type with varied leaf epidermal tissue cells is the distinction in chromosome number in plant somatic cells. It provided reliable basis and a easy and accurate method for distinguishing plant ploidy and predicting seed setting.

Key words: Leaf epidermal tissue cell, Chromosomes, Variation, Pohen plant