植物蔗糖合酶生理生化功能研究进展

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194122

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

蔗糖作为光合作用的主要产物之一,在植物体内有着多种多样的生理功能。而蔗糖合酶作为糖基转移酶家族的一类,在蔗糖代谢过程中起着重要的作用。在植物体内,蔗糖合酶可逆的催化蔗糖与二磷酸核苷(NDP)分解生成二磷酸核苷葡萄糖(NDPG)和果糖,该反应是糖代谢过程中最重要的限速步骤。蔗糖合酶在植物体内以基因家族的形式存在,系统发育显示,蔗糖合酶存在3个亚族,且不同亚族存在不同的表达模式。近些年来的研究表明,蔗糖合酶在植物体内主要有几大生理功能,如参与大分子糖类的合成、逆境响应、参与生殖生长、调控果实品质等。综述了蔗糖合酶近些年来的研究进展,并对未来研究方向进行展望以期为后面的研究做出参考。

关键词: 蔗糖合酶, 生理功能, 研究进展, 系统进化

Abstract:

As one of the main products of photosynthesis,sucrose has a variety of physiological functions in plants.As a group of glycosyltransferase enzymes,sucrose synthase plays an important role in the process of sucrose metabolism.In plants,sucrose synthase reversibly catalyzes the decomposition of sucrose and nucleoside diphosphate(NDP)to produce nucleoside diphosphate glucose(NDPG)and fructose.This reaction is the most important rate-limiting step in sugar metabolism.Sucrose synthase exists in the form of a gene family in plants.Phylogeny shows that there are three subgroups of sucrose synthase,and different subgroups have different expression patterns.Recent studies have shown that sucrose synthase has several major physiological functions in plants,such as participating in the synthesis of macromolecular sugars,response to adversity,participating in reproductive growth and regulating fruit quality.This article reviews the research progress of sucrose synthase in recent years,and looks forward to future research directions in order to provide a reference for future research.

Key words: Sucrose synthase, Physiological function, Research progress, Systematic evolution

王玮, 程远, 叶青静, 姚祝平, 王荣青, 阮美颖, 周国治, 刘丹丹, 万红建. 植物蔗糖合酶生理生化功能研究进展[J]. 华北农学报, 2023, 38(S1): 261-270. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194122.

WANG Wei, CHENG Yuan, YE Qingjing, YAO Zhuping, WANG Rongqing, RUAN Meiying, ZHOU Guozhi, LIU Dandan, WAN Hongjian. Advances in Physiological and Biochemical Functions of Plant Sucrose Synthase[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(S1): 261-270. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194122.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2023/V38/IS1/261

图/表 5

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物种 Species	家族成员数 Number of family members	内含子数 Intron number	外显子数 Exon number	参考文献 Reference
拟南芥Arabidopsis	6	11~14	13~16	[36]
水稻Rice	6	11~16	12~16	[37]
番茄Tomato	7	10~14	11~15	[15]
橡胶树Rubbe	6	12~14	13~15	[38]
可可Cocoa	6	11~17	10~16	[39]
桃Peach	6	12~14	11~13	[40]
棉花Cotton	7	9~14	10~15	[41]
葡萄Grape	5	12~15	13~16	[42]
苹果Apple	11	12~15	13~16	[43]
杨树Poplar	15	11~15	12~16	[44]
石斛Dendrobe	15	0~13	1~14	[45]
荔枝Litchi	5	12~14	13~15	[46]
甘蔗Sugarcane	5	10~15	11~16	[47]
芥菜Mustard	14	9~14	10~15	[48]
小麦Wheat	22	11~14	12~15	[49]
木薯Cassava	7	11~14	12~15	[50]
猕猴桃Kiwifruit	6	8~16	9~17	[51]
梨Pear	30	1~19	2~20	[52]

物种 Species	家族成员数 Number of family members	内含子数 Intron number	外显子数 Exon number	参考文献 Reference
拟南芥Arabidopsis	6	11~14	13~16	[36]
水稻Rice	6	11~16	12~16	[37]
番茄Tomato	7	10~14	11~15	[15]
橡胶树Rubbe	6	12~14	13~15	[38]
可可Cocoa	6	11~17	10~16	[39]
桃Peach	6	12~14	11~13	[40]
棉花Cotton	7	9~14	10~15	[41]
葡萄Grape	5	12~15	13~16	[42]
苹果Apple	11	12~15	13~16	[43]
杨树Poplar	15	11~15	12~16	[44]
石斛Dendrobe	15	0~13	1~14	[45]
荔枝Litchi	5	12~14	13~15	[46]
甘蔗Sugarcane	5	10~15	11~16	[47]
芥菜Mustard	14	9~14	10~15	[48]
小麦Wheat	22	11~14	12~15	[49]
木薯Cassava	7	11~14	12~15	[50]
猕猴桃Kiwifruit	6	8~16	9~17	[51]
梨Pear	30	1~19	2~20	[52]

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