摘要：

为了研究细菌素协同益生菌不同添加组合对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肠道组织形态及肠道菌群的影响。选取一日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉公雏300只,随机分为5个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只,A组(对照组)饲喂基础饲粮,B组(细菌素50+益生菌50)在基础饲粮中添加细菌素2.57 mL/kg、益生菌0.84 g/kg,C组(细菌素100+益生菌100)在基础饲粮中添加细菌素5.13 mL/kg、益生菌1.68 g/kg,D组(细菌素150+益生菌150)在基础饲粮中添加细菌素7.7 mL/kg、益生菌2.52 g/kg,E组(抗生素50)在基础饲粮中添加金霉素50 mg/kg。试验分为第1阶段(1~21日龄)和第2阶段(22~42日龄),试验期为42 d。结果发现,在22~42日龄和1~42日龄,D组平均日增质量显著高于A组(P<0.05),料质量比显著降低(P<0.05)。D组心脏质量显著高于A组(P<0.05),C组肝脏质量显著高于A组(P<0.05)。与A组相比,C、D、E组十二指肠绒毛高度显著提高(P<0.05)。与A组相比,D组厚壁菌门相对丰度有所提高,拟杆菌门相对丰度有所降低,C、D、E组变形菌门相对丰度均高于B组。在属水平上,D组瘤胃球菌属相对丰度显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。饲粮中细菌素协同益生菌的添加提高了白羽肉鸡生长性能、改善了肉鸡肠道菌群结构、促进了肠道的健康发育、提高了肉鸡心脏、肝脏质量,以D组(细菌素150+益生菌150组)添加水平为宜。

关键词: 白羽肉鸡, 细菌素, 益生菌, 生长性能, 屠宰性能, 肠道形态, 肠道菌群

Abstract:

In order to study the effects of different combinations of bacteriocin and probiotics on growth performance,slaughter performance,intestinal tissue morphology and intestinal flora of broilers.A total of 300 one-day-old male chicks of Aibayijia(AA)were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups,with 6 replicates in each group,10 in each replicate,and group A(control group)was fed the basal diet,group B(bacteriocin 50+probiotics 50)added bacteriocin 2.57 mL/kg and probiotics 0.84 g/kg to the basal diet,and group C(bacteriocin 100+probiotics 100)added bacteria to the basal diet bacteriocin 5.13 mL/kg,probiotics 1.68 g/kg,group D(bacteriocin 150+probiotics 150)added bacteriocin 7.7 mL/kg,probiotics 2.52 g/kg in the basal diet,group E(antibiotics 50)chloromycin 50 mg/kg was added to the basal diet.The test was divided into the first stage(1—21 days old)and the second stage(21—42 days old),and the test period was 42 days.The results showed that,at 22—42 days and 1-42 days,the average daily gain in group D was significantly higher than that in group A(P<0.05),and the feed-to-weight ratio was significantly lower(P<0.05).The heart weight of group D was significantly higher than that of group A(P<0.05),and the weight of liver of group C was significantly higher than that of group A(P<0.05).Compared with group A,the duodenal villus height in groups C,D,and E were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with group A,the relative abundance of Firmicutes in group D increased,while the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes decreased,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in groups C, D, and E was higher than that in group B. At the genus level,the relative abundance of Ruminococcus in group D was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05).The addition of bacteriocin in the diet improves the overall performance of white feather broilers,improves the structure of intestinal flora of broilers,promotes healthy intestinal development,and increases the weight of heart and liver in broilers.The supplemental level of group D(bacteriocin 150+ probiotics 150)was appropriate.

Key words: White feather broiler, Bacteriocin, Probiotics, Growth performance, Slaughter performance, Intestinal morphology, Intestinal flora