摘要： 为探究蔬菜废弃物发酵液在农业种植中的应用效果，研究了施用适量蔬菜废弃物发酵液对快菜生长发育、产量品质及养分吸收的影响。采用盆栽试验，设置对照组（CK）、有机肥（A1）、化肥（A2）、发酵液（A3）、有机肥+化肥（B1）、有机肥+发酵液（B2）、有机肥+2/3化肥+1/3发酵液（B3）、有机肥+1/3化肥+2/3发酵液（B4）8个处理，测定分析了收获期快菜的单株鲜质量、单株干质量，Vc、硝酸盐含量，植株全氮、全磷、全钾含量以及株高、展幅、最大叶长/宽等生长指标。结果表明：在施用有机肥+化肥的条件下（B1），施用发酵液代替部分化肥，处理B3的株高、展幅、最大叶长、最大叶宽分别增大了31.1%，28.7%，34.9%，27.3%，单株鲜质量、单株干质量分别提高了89.4%，45.5%；处理B4植株的氮、磷、钾养分含量分别提高了57.3%，15.4%，181.8%；配施一定比例的发酵液，快菜植株内的硝酸盐含量有效降低，含水率显著增加，Vc含量有所下降。研究发现，蔬菜废弃物发酵液可以代替部分化肥与有机肥或化肥进行配施，这样不但可以减少化肥施用量，为蔬菜废弃物循环利用开辟新途径，同时还有助于促进作物生长、提高作物产量及品质。

关键词: 快菜, 蔬菜废弃物, 发酵, 品质

Abstract: In order to explore the application effect of vegetable waste fermentation liquid in agricultural cultivation,the influence of growth,quality and nutrient absorption of Chinese cabbage after using fermentation liquid.Been setting up 8 treatments by pot experiment,including CK,organic fertilizer(A1),fertilizer(A2),fermentation liquid(A3),organic+chemical fertilizer(B1),organic+fermentation liquid(B2),organic fertilizer+2/3 fertilizer+1/3 fermentation liquid(B3),organic fertilizer+1/3 fertilizer+2/3 fermentation liquid(B4).The growth indexes such as fresh weight and dry weight per plant,Vc and nitrate content,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium content,plant height,spread width and maximum leaf length/width were determined and analyzed.The results indicated that the fermentation had some effects on promoting growth,increasing yield and improving quality.The fermentation liquid was used in B3 and B4,compared with B1,the plant height,width,maximum leaf length and maximum leaf width of Chinese cabbage increased by 31.1%,28.7%,34.9% and 27.3%;Fresh weight and dry weight per plant increased by 89.4%,45.5%;The contents of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium B4 increased by 57.3%,15.4%,181.8% in B4.After the application of fermentation,the content of nitrate in the plants was effectively reduced,the moisture content was increased,but the content of Vc was decreased.The study found that vegetable waste fermentation liquid could replace part of chemical fertilizer,and combined with organic fertilizer or chemical fertilizer.It could reduce applying chemical fertilizer and find a new way for recycling vegetable waste,also could contribute to promote crop growth,improve crop yield and quality.

Key words: Chinese cabbage, Vegetables waste, Fermentation, Quality

中图分类号: 

• S636.2