不同灌溉方式对香稻产量品质及水分利用率的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20190792

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨提高香稻产量和稻米品质的水分管理方式。以香稻品种象牙香占和美香占2号为试验材料，设置常规灌溉（CK）、干湿交替灌溉（W1）、轻度落干（W2）、自然补水灌溉（W3）、重度落干（W4）5种灌溉方式，研究不同灌溉方式对产量、品质及水分利用率形成的影响。与对照相比，就象牙香占而言，W1、W2处理能够有效提高叶片净光合速率、产量构成因素和稻米品质，产量增加了8.23%和11.24%，水分利用率提高了24.35%和19.94%，而W3、W4处理产量构成因素和稻米品质显著降低，产量降低了24.32%和17.57%；就美香占2号而言，W1、W2处理能够有效提高叶片净光合速率、产量构成因素和稻米品质，产量提高了0.05%和6.99%，W3、W4处理产量构成因素和稻米品质显著降低，产量显著降低了27.07%和17.61%，W4处理水分利用率降低了3.22%。齐穗后期轻度落干灌溉和干湿交替灌溉能够改善香稻产量及稻米品质，水分过度胁迫对水稻产量、光合参数、稻米品质等均有不利的影响，故掌握水稻需水的关键时期及阈值，是有效提高水分利用率、增产和改善稻米品质的重要因素。

关键词: 香稻, 灌溉方式, 产量构成, 产量品质, 水分利用率

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the suitable irrigation technique with high yield and good quality.With scented rice varieties Xiangyaxiangzhan and Meixiangzhan 2 as experimental materials, effects of water use efficiency, yield and quality formation under five water management modes (traditional flooding irrigation (CK), alternate wetting and moderate drying irrigation (W1), and drying and moistening irrigation(W2), natural replenishment irrigation(W3), alternate wetting and severe drying irrigation (W4)were analyzed by pot experiment. Compared with controls, in terms of ivory fragrance of W1 and W2 treatment could effectively improve the leaf net photosynthetic rate, yield components and rice quality, production increased by 8.23% and 11.24%, and water use efficiency increased by 24.35% and 19.94%, while the W3, W4, processing the yield components and rice quality significantly reduced, and yield reduced by 24.32% and 17.57%, in the case of Meixiangzhan 2, W1 and W2 treatment could effectively improve the leaf net photosynthetic rate, yield components and rice quality, output control effectively increased by 0.05% and 6.99%, the yield components and rice quality of W3 and W4 treatment were significantly reduced, the yield was significantly decreased by 27.07% and 17.61%, and the water utilization rate was decreased by 3.22%. It could improve fragrant rice yield and rice quality, water excessive stress on rice yield and photosynthetic parameters, rice quality all had adverse effect, so the control of rice water requirement a key period of booting stage, filling stage and the water requirement of threshold, it is an important factor to improve water use efficiency, yield and rice quality.

Key words: Fragrant rice, Irrigation mode, Yield composition, Yield and quality, Water use efficiency

中图分类号:

S511.01

韦小珊, 梁俭伟, 张集胜, 佟天一, 黄穗华, 莫钊文, 田华, 潘圣刚, 段美洋, 唐湘如. 不同灌溉方式对香稻产量品质及水分利用率的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2020, 35(4): 129-136. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190792.

WEI Xiaoshan, LIANG Jianwei, ZHANG Jisheng, TONG Tianyi, HUANG Suihua, MO Zhaowen, TIAN Hua, PAN Shenggang, DUAN Meiyang, TANG Xiangru. Effects of Different Irrigation Methods on Yield, Quality and Water Use Efficiency of Fragrant Rice[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2020, 35(4): 129-136. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190792.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2020/V35/I4/129

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