播种期对豫南不同香稻品种胚乳垩白性状的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.201751764

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探讨灌浆期高温对豫南不同香稻胚乳垩白性状的影响，以豫南地区的9个香稻品种和1个常规对照粳稻品种为试验材料，在2016，2017年研究不同播种期对不同香稻品种垩白性状的影响。结果表明：豫南香稻胚乳垩白性状的变幅范围较宽，在不同的播种期和不同的灌浆期温度条件下，不同香稻品种胚乳垩白性状的表现差异较大：香宝1号、郑稻18和香宝2号胚乳的垩白性状对灌浆期温度比较敏感，而其余香稻品种的垩白性状对灌浆期温度相对不敏感。豫南香稻胚乳的垩白率与灌浆期温度整体呈正相关：灌浆期温度越高，稻米胚乳的垩白率越高，扫描电子显微镜下淀粉粒之间的空隙也越大。此外，开花后14 d的日平均温度与垩白率相关性最大，其次是开花后21 d、成熟期和花后7 d的温度。因此，针对香宝1号和香宝2号等胚乳垩白性状对灌浆期温度敏感的品种，在生产上可以通过改变播种期实现稻米垩白性状的改良；对农香粳4号和信长粳等胚乳垩白性状对灌浆期温度相对不敏感的香稻品种，在今后香稻新品种的育种工作中可以考虑将其作为骨干亲本。

关键词: 香稻, 豫南地区, 播种期, 垩白性状, 胚乳

Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of high temperature at grain filling stage on endosperm chalkiness character of different fragrant rice varieties in Southern Henan, nine fragrant rice varieties and one conventional japonica rice variety from this region were used as experimental materials to study the effects of different sowing dates on endosperm chalkiness character of different fragrant rice varieties in 2016 and 2017, respectively. The results showed that the endosperm chalkiness character of different fragrant rice varieties in Southern Henan had a wide range of variations. The endosperm chalkiness character of different fragrant rice varieties varied greatly in different sowing dates and different temperatures at grain filling stage. For endosperm chalkiness character, the Xiangbao 1, Zhengdao 18 and Xiangbao 2 were more sensitive to the temperature at grain filling stage, and other fragrant varieties were relatively insensitive. The chalkiness rate of fragrant rice in Southern Henan was positively correlated with the temperature during grain filling period:the higher the temperature, the higher the chalkiness rate of rice and the larger the gap between starch granules under scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the average daily temperature at 14 days after flowering had the greatest correlation with the chalkiness rate, followed by 21 days after flowering, maturity stage and 7 days after flowering. For the varieties like Xiangbao 1 and Xiangbao 2,etc., which were sensitive to temperature during grain filling stage, the endosperm chalkiness character could be improved by changing the sowing date in production. The fragrant rice varieties with relatively insensitive endosperm chalkiness character to grain filling temperature, such as Nongxianggeng 4 and Xinchanggeng, could be considered as backbone parents to breed the new fragrant rice varieties in the future.

Key words: Fragrant rice, Southern Henan, Sowing date, Chalkiness trait, Endosperm

中图分类号:

S511

彭波, 杨宁宁, 何璐璐, 孔冬艳, 柳琳, 孙艳芳, 蒋悦, 庞瑞华, 李金涛, 周伟, 汪全秀. 播种期对豫南不同香稻品种胚乳垩白性状的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2019, 34(4): 122-129. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.201751764.

PENG Bo, YANG Ningning, HE Lulu, KONG Dongyan, LIU Lin, SUN Yanfang, JIANG Yue, PANG Ruihua, LI Jintao, ZHOU Wei, WANG Quanxiu. Effect of Sowing Date on Endosperm Chalkiness Character of Different Fragrant Rice Varieties in Southern Henan[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2019, 34(4): 122-129. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.201751764.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2019/V34/I4/122

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