沙漠生物土壤结皮中可培养芽孢杆菌对植物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20190553

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了揭示生物土壤结皮中一些可培养微生物对植物种子萌发以及幼苗生长的影响。以腾格里沙漠东南缘生物土壤结皮中可培养芽孢杆菌为材料，以小麦为指示植物，测定30% PEG6000模拟干旱胁迫条件下沙漠生物土壤结皮中可培养芽孢杆菌对植物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明，76.4%沙漠土壤结皮芽孢杆菌菌株在30% PEG6000模拟干旱胁迫下耐旱性低于50%，生长均受抑制；除菌株Z43表现出既不促进也不抑制外，其余沙漠结皮的芽孢杆菌对模拟干旱胁迫条件下小麦种子萌发表现出抑制作用；所有沙漠生物土壤结皮中芽孢杆菌增加了30% PEG6000模拟干旱胁迫下小麦幼苗的平均单株总叶面积，但对地上株高、主根长、根数目、地上部分含水率、地上干质量占全株比、地上地下鲜质量比、地上地下干质量比等7个幼苗生长发育参数既不抑制也不促进，部分菌株在地上株鲜质量、地上株干质量、基径、根体积、根鲜质量、根干质量、全株鲜质量、全株干质量、根含水率、地上鲜质量占全株比、根鲜质量占全株比、根干质量占全株比等12个生长发育指标上表现出促进幼苗生长作用，其中X51菌株促进作用较强。试验结果为阐明结皮中各组分对植物定植、生长发育的影响提供参考。

关键词: 生物土壤结皮, 芽孢杆菌, 小麦, 干旱胁迫

Abstract: It is aim to reveal the effects of some culturable microorganisms in biological soil crust on plant seed germination and seedling growth. Taking Bacillus strains isolated from the biological soil crust of the southeastern margin of Tengger Desert as materials, wheat as indicator plant, it was studied the effects of culturable Bacillus strains in biological soil crust on plant seed germination and seedling growth under drought stress simulated with 30% PEG6000. The results showed that 76.4% of Bacillus in desert biological soil crusts were drought tolerance less than 50% under drought stress of simulated with 30% PEG6000, and their growth was inhibited. Besides strain Z43 which neither promoted nor inhibited wheat seed germination under simulated drought stress, others showed inhibition. All Bacillus strains in desert soil crusts increased the average total leaf area per plant of wheat seedlings under drought stress simulated with 30% PEG6000, but neither inhibited nor promoted about 7 parameters of seedlings growth and development, such as above ground plant height, main root length, number of roots, water content of aboveground plant, dry weight ratio of above ground to whole plant, fresh weight ratio of aboveground to underground plant and dry weight ratio of aboveground to underground plant. Some strains showed promoting effects on 12 parameters of seedlings growth and development, such as fresh weight of above ground plant, dry weight of above ground plant, diameter of basal stem, volume of roots, fresh weight of roots, dry weight of root, fresh weight of whole plant, water content of roots, fresh weight ratio of aboveground to whole plant, fresh weight ratio of root to whole plant, dry weight ratio of root to whole plant. X51 strain promoted seedling growth strongly. The results provide a reference for elucidating the effects of components in biological soil crust on plants.

Key words: Biological soil crust, Bacillus strains, Wheat, Drought stress

中图分类号:

胡琳, 靳新影, 李靖宇, 李敏, 马莉, 刘建利. 沙漠生物土壤结皮中可培养芽孢杆菌对植物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2019, 34(S1): 143-152. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190553.

HU Lin, JIN Xinying, LI Jinyu, LI Min, MA Li, LIU Jianli. Effects of Culturable Bacillus in Biological Soil Crust on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Wheat[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2019, 34(S1): 143-152. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190553.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2019/V34/IS1/143

参考文献

[1] 李新荣,谭会娟,回嵘,赵洋,黄磊,贾荣亮,宋光. 中国荒漠与沙地生物土壤结皮研究[J]. 科学通报,2018,63(23):2320-2334. doi:10.1360/N972018-00390.
L X R, Tan H J, Hui Z, Zhao Y, Huang L, Jia R L, Song G. Researches in biological soil crust of China:A review[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2018, 63(23):2320-2334.
[2] 张元明,王雪芹. 荒漠地表生物土壤结皮形成与演替特征概述[J]. 生态学报,2009,30(16):4484-4492.
Zang Y M, Wang X Q. Summary on formation and developmental characteristics of biological soil crusts in desert areas[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2009, 30(16):4484-4492.
[3] 李新荣,回嵘,赵洋. 中国荒漠生物土壤结皮生态生理学研究[M]. 北京:高等教育出版社,2017.
L X R, Hui R, Zhao Y. Eco-physiology of biological soil crust in desert regions of China[M]. Beijing:Higher Education Press, 2017.
[4] Li X R, Jia X H, Long L Q, Stefan Z. Effects of biological soil crusts on seed bank, germination and establishment of two annual plant species in the Tengger Desert (N China)[J]. Plant and Soil, 2005, 277(1-2):375-385. doi:10.1007/s11104-005-8162-4.
[5] 邢旭明,马晓东,张元明. 古尔班通古特沙漠生物土壤结皮对土壤种子库多样性与分布特征的影响[J]. 生态学杂志,2016,35(3):612-620. doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.201603.019.
Xng X M, Ma X D, Zhang Y M. Effects of biological soil crusts on soil seed bank diversity and distribution characteristics in Gurbantunggut Desert[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2016, 35(3):612-620.
[6] 苏延桂,李新荣,贾荣亮,潘颜霞. 腾格里沙漠东南缘苔藓结皮对荒漠土壤种子库的影响[J]. 应用生态学报,2007,18(3):504-508. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1001-9332.2007.03.007.
S Y G, Li X R, Jia R L, Pan Y X. Effects of moss crust on soil seed bank at southeast edge of Tengger Desert[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2007, 18(3):504-508.
[7] 苏延桂,李新荣,张景光,杨丽雯. 生物土壤结皮对土壤种子库的影响[J]. 中国沙漠,2006,26(6):997-1001. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-694X.2006.06.023.
S Y G, Li X R, Zhang J G, Yang L X. Effects of biological soil crusts on seed bank[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2006, 26(6):997-1001.
[8] 苏延桂,李新荣,陈应武,谭会娟,贾荣亮. 生物土壤结皮对荒漠土壤种子库和种子萌发的影响[J]. 生态学报,2006,27(3):938-946. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2007.03.014.
S Y G, Li X R, Chen Y W, Tan H R, Jia R L. Effects of biological soil crusts on soil seed bank and seed germination of desert plants in North China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2006, 27(3):938-946.
[9] 苏延桂,李新荣,黄刚,李小军,郑敬刚. 实验室条件下两种生物土壤结皮对荒漠植物种子萌发的影响[J]. 生态学报,2007,27(5):1845-1851. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2007.05.021.
S Y G, Li X R, Huang G, Li X J, Zheng J G. Effects of two types of biological soil crusts on the germination of desert vascular plants under laboratory conditions[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2007, 27(5):1845-1851.
[10] 王蕊,朱清科,赵磊磊,常存,马浩. 黄土高原土壤生物结皮对植物种子出苗和生长的影响[J]. 干旱区研究,2011,28(5):800-807. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-2779.2016.07.028.
Wng R, Zhu Q K, Zhao L L, Chang C, Ma H. Effects of biological soil crusts on seed emergence and seedling growth in Loess Plateau, North Shaanxi Province[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2011, 28(5):800-807.
[11] 宋光,李新荣,回嵘,赵洋,周媛媛,管超. 沙区生物土壤结皮对外来植物种子萌发的影响[J]. 兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2017,54(3):521-533. doi:10.13885/j.issn.0455-2059.2017.04.013.
Sng G, Li X R, Hui R, Zhao Y, Zhou Y Y, Guan C. Physical effect of biological soil crusts on germination of exotic species in the desert[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Science), 2017, 54(3):521-533.
[12] 聂华丽,张元明,吴楠,张静,张丙昌. 生物结皮对5种不同形态的荒漠植物种子萌发的影响[J]. 植物生态学报,2009,33(1):161-170. doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.01.018.
Ne H L, Zhang Y M, Wu N, Zhang J, Zhang B C. Effects of biological crusts on the germination of five desert vascular plants with different seed morphologies[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2009, 33(1):161-170.
[13] 王璐. 松嫩草原藻结皮与种子植物的关系[D]. 长春:东北师范大学,2015.
Wng L. The relationship between algal crust and seed plants in songnen grassland[D]. Changchun:Northeast Normal University, 2015.
[14] 李国栋,张元明. 生物土壤结皮与种子附属物对4种荒漠植物种子萌发的交互影响[J]. 中国沙漠,2014,34(3):725-731. doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00021.
L G D, Zhanf Y M. Interactive effects of biological soil crusts and seed appendages on seed germination of four desert species.[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2014, 34(3):725-731.
[15] 龙利群,李新荣. 微生物结皮对两种一年生植物种子萌发和出苗的影响[J]. 中国沙漠,2002,22(6):581-585. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-694X.2002.06.010.
Lng L Q, Li X R. Effect of soil microbiotic crust on seed germination and emergence of two annual herb species:Bassia dasyphlla and Eragrostics poaeoides[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2002, 22(6):581-585.
[16] Song G, Li X R, Hui R. Effect of biological soil crusts on seed germination and growth of an exotic and two native plant species in an arid ecosystem[J]. PLoS ONE, 2017, 12(10):e0185839. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0185839.
[17] 龙利群,李新荣. 土壤微生物结皮对两种一年生植物幼苗存活和生长的影响[J]. 中国沙漠,2003,23(6):656-660. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-694X.2003.06.011.
Lng L Q, Li X R. Effects of soil microbiotic crusts on seedling survival and seedling growth of two annual plants[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2003, 23(6):656-660.
[18] 张元明, 聂华丽. 生物土壤结皮对准噶尔盆地5种荒漠植物幼苗生长与元素吸收的影响[J]. 植物生态学报,2011,35(4):380-388. doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00380.
Zang Y M, Nie H L. Effects of biological soil crusts on seedling growth and element uptake in five desert plants in Junggar Basin, Western China[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2011, 35(4):380-388.
[19] Zhuang W W, Serpe M, Zhang Y M. The effect of lichen-dominated biological soil crusts on growth and physiological characteristics of three plant species in a temperate desert of northwest China[J]. Plant Biology, 2015, 17(6):1165-1175. doi:10.1111/plb.12359.
[20] 陈荣毅,魏文寿,张元明, 吴楠,张静. 干旱区生物土壤结皮对种子植物多样性的影响[J]. 中国沙漠,2008,28(5):868-873.
Cen R Y, Wei W S, Zhang Y M, Wu N, Zhang J. Effect of biological soil crust on plant diversity in arid area[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2008, 28(5):868-873.
[21] 庄伟伟,张元明. 生物结皮对荒漠草本植物群落结构的影响[J]. 干旱区研究,2017,34(6):1338-1344. doi:10.13866/j.azr.2017.06.16.
Zuang W W, Zhang Y M. Effect of soil microbiotic crust on plant community in the Gurbantunggut desert[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2017, 34(6):1338-1344.
[22] Garibotti I A, Polo M G, Tabeni S. Linking biological soil crust attributes to the multifunctionality of vegetated patches and interspaces in a semiarid shrubland[J]. Functional Ecology, 2018, 32(4):1065-1078. doi:10.1111/1365-2435.13044.
[23] 张景光,张志山,王新平,李新荣,王桑,马风云. 沙坡头人工固沙区一年生植物小画眉草繁殖分配研究[J]. 中国沙漠,2005,25(2):202-206. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-694X.2005.02.007.
Zang J G, Zhan Z S, Wang X P, Li X R, Wang S, Ma F Y. Reproductive allocation of annual plant Eragrostis poaeoides in planted area for sand fixation in Shapotou region[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2005, 25(2):202-206.
[24] 陈孟晨,张景光,刘立超,冯丽,滕嘉玲. 生物土壤结皮对一年生植物影响研究进展[J]. 中国沙漠,2017,37(3):483-490. doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2016.00011.
Cen M C, Zhang J G, Liu L C, Feng L, Teng J L. Advances and prospects for the effects of biological soil crusts on annual plants[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2017, 37(3):483-490.
[25] 龚健. 生物结皮中藻类、齿肋赤藓和种子植物之间的种间关系[D]. 乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2014.
Gng J. Species relationship among algae, Syntrichia caninervis and seed plants in biological soil crusts[D]. Urumqi:Xinjiang University, 2014.
[26] Bates S T, Garcia-Pichel F. A culture-independent study of free-living fungi in biological soil crusts of the Colorado Plateau:their diversity and relative contribution to microbial biomass[J]. Environmental microbiology, 2009, 11(1):56-67. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01738.x.
[27] Zhang B C, Kong W D, Wu N, Zhang Y M. Bacterial diversity and community along the succession of biological soil crusts in the Gurbantunggut Desert, Northern China[J]. Journal of Basic Microbiology, 2016, 56(6):670-679.doi:10.1002/jobm.201500751.
[28] 吴楠,张元明,潘惠霞,邱东. 古尔班通古特沙漠地衣结皮中可培养细菌多样性初探[J]. 中国沙漠,2013, 33(3):710-716. doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00102.
W N, Zhang Y M, Pan H X, Qiu D. Culture-dependent bacteria diversity of lichen crusts in the Gurbantunggut Desert[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2013, 33(3):710-716.
[29] 吴楠,张元明,潘惠霞,邱东. 古尔班通古特沙漠苔藓结皮中可培养细菌多样性特征[J]. 干旱区地理,2014,37(2):250-258.
W N, Zhang Y M, Pan H X, Qiu D. Culture-dependent bacteria diversity of moss crusts in the Gurbantunggut desert[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2014, 37(2):250-258.
[30] 李永涛,陈苗苗,王振猛,刘桂民,王莉莉,刘德玺. NaCl胁迫下外源钙对芦苇种子萌发的影响[J]. 华北农学报,2016,31(S1):276-281. doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2016.S1.045.
L Y T, Chen M M, Wang Z M, Liu G M, Wang L L, Liu D X. Effects of exogenous calcium on the seed germination in Phragmites australis under NaCl stress[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2016, 31(S1):276-281.
[31] 马兴立,赵昆昆,赵品源,李珊珊,马小强,李忠峰,张幸果,殷冬梅. 纳米碳点对花生幼苗生长及其相关生理生化指标的影响[J]. 华北农学报,2019,34(2):142-148. doi:10.7668/hbnxb.201751301.
M X L, Zhao K K, Zhao P Y, Li S S, Ma X Q, Li Z F, Zhang X G, Yin D M. Effects of carbon nanodots on seedling growth and related physiological and biochemical parameters in peanut[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2019, 34(2):142-148.

选择文件类型/文献管理软件名称

选择包含的内容