摘要： 温度对水稻生长发育及产量建成很重要，为了进一步明确低温应答对水稻苗期生长发育的调节机制，以粳稻品种中花-11为试验材料，在17℃低温处理的条件下，利用新一代高通量测序手段-转录组测序（RNA-Seq）开展水稻苗期低温应答转录组分析。通过转录组分析，分别获得干净的高通量序列为46 384 074条和52 483 052条，鉴定并筛选出2 044个差异表达基因，其中，1 252个基因表达上调，792个基因表达下调；GO注释分析将全部的差异基因分为分子功能、生物学过程和细胞组分三大类，各自占比为63.29%，8.81%，27.90%。利用KEGG数据库具体分析低温调节的2个通路光合作用通路和苯丙氨酸代谢通路中差异表达基因的数量及位置，并进一步预测了新基因的功能及与光合作用和苯丙氨酸代谢相关基因的互作蛋白基因。结果表明，低温胁迫对水稻的影响主要体现在生物学过程中，在光合作用、次生代谢的生物合成和苯丙氨酸代谢均有明显作用。另外，差异表达的WRKY转录因子为耐冷机制进一步研究提供方向与依据。

关键词: 水稻, 苗期, 低温, 转录组

Abstract: Temperature is very important for growth and development of rice and yield production,and it is necessary to further define the molecular mechanism of rice response to low temperature provides a theoretical basis for crop breeding resistant to cold stress. In this study,japonica rice variety Zhonghua-11 was used as a test material under the condition of low temperature treatment at 17℃,a new generation of high-throughput sequencing methods-transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis. Through the transcriptome analysis,the clean high-throughput reads were 46 348 074 and 52 483 052,respectively,and 2 044 differentially expressed genes were identified and screened,of which 1 252 genes were up-regulated and 792 genes were down-regulated. GO annotation analysis showed that all the differential genes were divided into three major categories:biological processes,cellular components and molecular functions,each accounting for 63.29%,8.81%,and 27.90%. We used the KEGG database to analyze the number and location of differentially expressed genes in low-temperature-regulated two-pathway photosynthetic pathway and phenylalanine metabolic pathway,and predicted the function of novel genes and interaction proteins related to photosynthesis and phenylalanine metabolism. The results showed that the low temperature stress on rice plays an important role in biological processes,especially on photosynthesis,secondary metabolism biosynthesis,and phenylalanine metabolism. Also,differentially expressed WRKY transcription factors will provide direction and basis for further study of cold tolerance mechanism.

Key words: Rice, Seedling stage, Low-temperature, Transcriptome

中图分类号: 

• Q78

• S511.03