摘要： 为探讨沼液连续长期农用的可行性,研究了连续3年定位施用沼液对水稻产量和品质的影响。以规模化养殖场猪粪尿发酵的沼液作为肥源,在四川省邛崃市固驿镇黑石村黄壤性水稻土上种植水稻,分别设置1个清水处理对照(1#),1个常规施肥处理对照(2#)和10个不同施用量沼液处理(分别为3#、4#、5#、6#、7#、8#、9#、10#、11#、12#),研究不同量沼液处理对水稻产量和品质的影响。结果表明,适量沼液施用能不同程度地提高水稻产量和品质。在后2年沼液施用量水平高于第1年施用水平的情况下,随着沼液施用量的增加,后2年水稻的产量、蛋白质含量和矿质元素含量呈现明显的变化趋势。沼液处理下,每年最高水稻产量比常规施肥处理的产量分别提高9.9%,87.2%,69.8%;第1年稻米蛋白质含量较后2年高,且随着沼液施用量的增加呈先增加后减少的趋势;随着沼液施用量的增加,后2年稻米中Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu含量均呈先上升后下降的趋势,Zn含量呈上升趋势;而第1年稻米中Cu、Zn含量有明显变化趋势,Mg、Fe、Mn含量变化无明显规律。表明适量的沼液施用比常规化肥处理更有利于水稻产量和品质的提高,当沼液施用量控制在3200~5300kg/hm²时,水稻产量和品质维持在相对较高的水平。

关键词: 沼液, 水稻, 产量, 品质

Abstract: Study on the effects of three-year continuous application of digested biogas slurry on yield and quality of rice,in order to explore the feasibility of long-term and continuous application of digested biogas slurry in agriculture.Biogas slurry which were fermented with large-scale farms pig manure as fertilizer source,grow rice at yellow-brown paddy soil in Heishi Village,Guyi Town,Qionglai City,Sichuan Province.The study set a control group(1#)that was fertilized by water,a control group(2#)that was fertilized by chemical fertilizer and 10 experimental groups(3#,4#,5#,6#,7#,8#,9#,10#,11#,12#)were fertilized by different amount of biogas slurry,study the effect on different amount of biogas slurry application on rice yield and quality.The results showed that a suitable amount application of biogas slurry could increase rice yield and quality in different degrees.The biogas slurry application level of later two years was higher than that of the first year,in this case,with the application content of biogas slurry increased,the yield,protein content and mineral elements content of rice in the later two years changed obviously.Each year the highest rice yield of biogas slurry treatment was increased by 9.9%,87.2%,69.8% than that of conventional fertilization treatment.The protein content of first year rice was more than that of the later two years and firstly increased and then decreased with the application content of biogas slurry increased.Mg,Fe,Mn,Cu content of the later two years firstly increased and then decreased and Zn content gradually increased with the application content of biogas slurry increased;Cu,Zn content of the first year changed obviously but Mg,Fe,Mn content not.The results indicated that the right amount of biogas slurry application was more beneficial than conventional fertilizer treatment to the improvement of rice yield and quality,the yield and quality of rice was maintained at a relatively high level when the biogas slurry application rate was controlled in the range of 3 200 to 5 300 kg/ha.

Key words: Biogas slurry, Rice, Yield, Quality

中图分类号: 

• X712

• S141