摘要： 为了解决近年来华北地区麦田因多年旋耕导致土壤耕层过浅、土壤质地变差、小麦根系发育不良以及小麦产量品质降低等问题,在平衡配方施肥的基础上,通过田间试验研究了Agri-star松土促根剂对土壤质地及小麦产量和淀粉糊化特性的影响。结果表明,施用松土促根剂和土壤深耕处理均可起到降低土壤容重,增加单位体积小麦根系质量,改善土壤理化性状的作用。此外,施用松土促根剂能够提高冬小麦成穗数和穗粒数,进而起到提高小麦籽粒产量的效果,其中以1号松土促根剂+配方肥处理籽粒产量最高,平均达7 925 kg/hm²,较单施配方肥处理增产12.9%。研究还发现,施用配方肥、添加松土促根剂或者进行土壤深耕处理能够改善小麦籽粒淀粉品质,同样也以1号松土促根剂+配方肥处理效果最好。综合比较分析,在当前华北地区免耕、旋耕麦田,应用Agri-star松土促根剂可以改善土壤质地,提高小麦产量和改善小麦籽粒淀粉品质,具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词: 松土促根剂, 冬小麦, 土壤质地, 籽粒产量, 淀粉糊化特性

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of too shallow topsoil,bad condition of soil texture,poor root development and decrease of yield and quality in wheat field due to years of rotary tillage in North China,based on balanced fertilization,a field experiment was conducted to study the effect of a soil root promoter named Agri-star on soil texture,gain yield and starch pasting traits of winter wheat.Results showed that the application of soil root promoter and deep tillage could reduce soil bulk density and increase the volume of wheat root mass,resulting in improving soil physical and chemical properties.In addition,the application of soil root promoter could improve the spike number and grain number per spike of winter wheat that caused the increase of wheat grain yield,and the 1 soil root promoter combined with fertilizer had the highest grain yield with 7 925 kg/ha increased by 12.9% compared with the single fertilizer application.The study also found that the treatments of formula fertilizer application,soil root promoter or deep tillage could improve starch quality of wheat grain with the best effect in the 1 soil root promoter combined with fertilizer.In a conclusion,the application of soil root promoter-Agri-star can improve the soil texture,increase the yield of wheat,improve starch quality of wheat grain in a certain extent,and has broad application prospects under the conditions of no tillage or rotary tillage in the wheat field in North China.

Key words: Soil root promoter, Winter wheat, Soil texture, Grain yield, Starch pasting traits

中图分类号: 

• S158