两种水生园艺作物对铝胁迫的生理响应

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2015.03.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究豆瓣菜、大聚藻2种水生园艺作物响应铝胁迫的机制及耐铝能力,通过盆栽试验,研究了不同浓度铝处理(0,300,600,900,1 200 mg/kg)对豆瓣菜、大聚藻生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明,Al³⁺为300 mg/kg处理下,豆瓣菜根长、地下部干质量均达最大峰值,大聚藻根长及地上部干质量与对照差异不显著;梯度铝处理下,豆瓣菜地上部分干质量、根系活力呈下降趋势,大聚藻铝处理则各组差异不显著。对生理指标的进一步研究发现,随土壤Al³⁺浓度的增加,豆瓣菜膜脂伤害指标丙二醛(MDA)含量呈升高趋势,可溶性蛋白含量(Pr)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均呈先升后降的趋势,脯氨酸(Pro)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均呈降低趋势。大聚藻除Pr含量呈升高趋势,SOD含量呈先升后降趋势外,其他指标与豆瓣菜各生理指标变化趋势相似。综合各指标可知,低浓度的Al³⁺(300 mg/kg)处理下,豆瓣菜生长指标所受促进作用较大聚藻明显,随Al³⁺浓度的升高,铝对豆瓣菜根长、干质量、叶绿素含量的促进作用逐渐消失,抑制作用较大聚藻也更明显,即豆瓣菜较大聚藻表现出对铝的敏感性。铝胁迫下,二者生理变化有所差异,但从生长指标上看都表现出对铝胁迫较好的耐受性。

关键词: 铝胁迫, 豆瓣菜, 大聚藻, 叶绿素, 丙二醛, 脯氨酸, 抗氧化酶

Abstract: Our objective was to explore the effects of continued Al stress on growth and physiological characteristics of Nasturtium officinale and Myriophyllum aquaticum seedlings. Nasturtium officinale and Myriophyllum aquaticum seedlings were treated with continued Al₂(SO₄)₃·18H₂O(0,300,600,900,1 200 mg/kg)in plastic pots with soil.We studied the effects of continued Al stress on growth and physiological characteristics after 30 days.The results showed that with Al³⁺ treatment under 300 mg/kg,the Nasturtium officinale root length,root biomass,chlorophyll content reached the maximum peak,while the growth of Myriophyllum aquaticum was almost not affected by Al.Further study on physiological index found that with the increase of soil aluminum concentration, Nasturtium officinale membrane damage of malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased;relating the index of tolerance,with the soil aluminum concentration increasing,ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity increased,soluble protein content (Pr),peroxidase (POD) activity,catalase (CAT) activity were increased first and then decreased;proline (Pro) content,superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased.With the increase of soil aluminum concentration, Myriophyllum aquaticum Pr content tended to increase,SOD content increased first and then decreased,the other trend physiological characteristics were similar with Nasturtium officinale.The index showed, Nasturtium officinale was more sensitive to Al than Myriophyllum aquaticum.So there was some difference between Nasturtium officinale and Myriophyllum aquaticum when response to Al stress,but they have shown good growth characteristics,they have shown for aluminum stress better tolerated.

Key words: Aluminum stress, Nasturtium officinale R.Br., Myriophyllum aquaticum, Chlorophyll, Malondialdehyde, Proline, Antioxidase

中图分类号:

S63.01

郑阳霞, 贾松涛, 向前, 赵英鹏, 孙远秀, 张伟伟. 两种水生园艺作物对铝胁迫的生理响应[J]. 华北农学报, 2015, 30(3): 105-110. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2015.03.019.

ZHENG Yang-xia, JIA Song-tao, XIANG Qian, ZHAO Ying-peng, SUN Yuan-xiu, ZHANG Wei-wei. The Growth and Physiological Characteristics Response of Two Aquatic Horticultural Seedlings to Treatments with Aluminum[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2015, 30(3): 105-110. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2015.03.019.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2015/V30/I3/105

参考文献

[1] 翁建华,黄连芬,刘晓茹,等.土壤酸化及天然土壤溶液中铝的形态[J].中国环境科学,2000,20(6):501-505.
[2] 何传龙,徐继平,王世祥,等.大棚土壤障碍因子形成及调控技术的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2003,31(6):1040-1042.
[3] 范明生,江荣风,张福锁,等.水旱轮作系统作物养分管理策略[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(2):424-432.
[4] 赵有为.中国水生蔬菜[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1999:162-167.
[5] 江解增,张卫平,曹碚生,等.豆瓣菜产量构成因子及品质成分的分析[J].上海蔬菜,2000(3):37-38.
[6] 曹华.西洋菜的栽培技术[J].农村科学实验,2000(7):12.
[7] 高莹,余小敏,刘杰,等.狐尾藻断枝上不定根与芽发生的初步研究[J].水生生物学报,2007,31(5):726-730.
[8] 赵萌,李敏,王淼焱,等.西瓜连作对土壤主要微生物类群和土壤酶活性的影响[J].微生物学通报,2008,35(8):1251-1254.
[9] 江解增,缪旻珉,曾晓萍,等.设施内蔬菜水旱轮作新模式[J].中国蔬菜,2011(9):46-49.
[10] 帅建华,王辉琼,眭辉金,等.豆瓣菜水旱轮作设施生态栽培技术[J].长江蔬菜,2011(13):18-19.
[11] 刘家尧,刘新.植物生理学实验教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010.
[12] 张以顺,黄霞,陈云凤.植物生理学实验教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2009.
[13] 俞慧娜,刘鹏,徐根娣.大豆生长及叶绿素荧光特性对铝胁迫的反应[J].中国油料作物学报,2007,29(3):257-265.
[14] 王芳,刘鹏,徐根娣,等.铝对荞麦生理影响的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2005,24(4):678-681.
[15] Shahnaz G,Shekoofeh E,Kourosh D A.Interactive effects of Silicon and Aluminum on the malondialdehyde (MDA),proline,protein and phenolic compounds in Borago officinalis L.[J].Journal of Medicinal Plants Research,2011,5(24):5818-5827.
[16] Schobert B,Tschesche H.Unusual properties of proline and its interaction with proteins[J].Biochimica Biophysica Acta,1978,541:270-277.
[17] 林咸永,章永松,罗安程.不同小麦基因型耐铝性的差异及筛选方法的研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2001,7(1):64-70.
[18] 马光,郭继平,崔兴国,等.不同逆境因子对吊兰叶绿体色素含量的影响[J].北方园艺,2010(22):94-95.
[19] 肖祥希,刘星辉,杨宗武,等.铝胁迫对龙眼幼苗光合作用的影响[J].热带作物学报,2005,26(1):63-69.
[20] 应小芳,刘鹏.铝胁迫对大豆叶片光合特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(1):166-170.
[21] 周楠,韦冬萍,刘鹏,等.铝毒胁迫对两种基因型油菜苗期根系形态及生理特性的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2008,30(4):443-449.
[22] 张华宁,姜泽,王春利.铝胁迫对大麦可溶性蛋白含量的影响[J].现代农业科技,2013(16):14-15.
[23] 李冬香,李光德,张华,等.硅作用下镉对小麦幼苗生理生化指标的影响研究[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(36):84-90.
[24] Handa S,Handa A K,Hasegawa P M,et al.Proline accumulation and the adaptation of culltured Plant-cells to water-stress[J].Plant Physiology,1986,80(4):938-945.
[25] Saradhi P P,Alia Arora S,et al.Biochem Biophys Proline accumulates in plants exposed to UV radiation and protects them against UV induced peroxidation[J].Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,1995,209:1-5.
[26] Ezaki B,Suzuki M,Motoda H,et al.Mechanism of gene expression of Arabidopsis glutathione S-transferase,AtGST1,and AtGST11 in response to Aluminum stress[J].Plant Physiology,2004,134(4):1672-1682.
[27] 任立民,刘鹏,谢忠雷,等.植物对铝毒害的抗逆性研究进展[J].土壤通报,2008,39(1):177-181.
[28] Pereira L B,Mazzanti C M,Rossato L V,et al.Differential responses of oat genotypes:oxidative stress provoked by Aluminum[J].BioMetals,2011,24(1):73-83.
[29] Ma B H,Gao L,Zhang H X,et al.Aluminum-induced oxidative stress and changes in antioxidant defenses in the roots of rice varieties differing in Al tolerance[J].Plant Cell Reports,2012,31(4):687-696.
[30] 尹永强,胡建斌,邓明军.植物叶片抗氧化系统及其对逆境胁迫的响应研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(1):105-110.
[31] 刘鹏,应小芳,徐根娣,等.铝对大豆质膜透性和POD、CAT活性的影响[J].浙江师范大学学报:自然科学版,2005,28(3):300-303.

选择文件类型/文献管理软件名称

选择包含的内容