锌肥施用量及方式对夏玉米籽粒淀粉含量和产量的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2014.06.034

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探明不同土壤类型和生态气候条件下夏玉米的适宜锌肥施用量及方式,2013年6-9月,在浚县、禹州和偃师分别布置田间小区试验,研究不同土壤类型和生态气候条件下锌肥施用量及方式对夏玉米籽粒淀粉含量及产量的影响。结果表明,适量的锌肥能增加夏玉米大喇叭口期、吐丝期和灌浆期叶片中可溶性糖含量、籽粒淀粉含量和籽粒产量。总体上,浚县、禹州和偃师3个研究区域夏玉米叶片中可溶性糖含量均以锌肥施用量30 kg/hm² 最好;等量锌肥施用量条件下,土施处理优于土施+喷施处理。浚县、禹州和偃师夏玉米籽粒淀粉含量分别在土施锌肥15,30,30 kg/hm²时达到最大值;等量锌肥施用量条件下,土施处理优于土施+喷施处理。浚县、禹州和偃师夏玉米地上部分干物质量分别在土施锌肥15 kg/hm²+2次各喷施锌肥7.5 kg/hm²、土施锌肥30 kg/hm²和土施锌肥15 kg/hm²处理时达到最大值;土施+喷施锌肥能增加浚县夏玉米地上部分干物质量,而在不同锌肥水平下禹州和偃师夏玉米地上部分干物质量呈现不同变化规律。浚县、禹州和偃师的夏玉米籽粒产量分别达到最大值的锌肥施用量与夏玉米地上部分干物质量相同;与浚县比较,土施锌肥对禹州和偃师夏玉米的增产作用较大。

关键词: 锌肥, 土施, 喷施, 籽粒产量, 可溶性糖, 淀粉, 地上部分干物质

Abstract: There were many researches about the effect of zinc on the soluble sugar in the leaf,starch in the grain and grain yield of summer maize.But the research which was set up at three locations with different soil types and ecological conditions was too little.So we decorated a field plot test at Xunxian,Yuzhou and Yanshi for the research of zinc fertilizer application pattern the influence on grain starch content and the yield of summer maize under different soil types and ecological conditions.Six treatments were set up in the experiments.They were Zn0,Zn15,Zn30,Zn45,xZn15 and yZn30.The results showed that:the right amount of zinc fertilizer can increase the content of soluble sugar in the leaf and starch in the grain and grain yield of summer maize.The appropriate amount of zinc fertilizer was different among Xunxian,Yuzhou and Yanshi when the amount of the soluble sugar in the leaf of summer corn reached the maximum.Overall,the best amount of zinc fertilizer was 30 kg/ha when corn leaf soluble sugar content reached the maximum for Yuzhou,Xunxian and Yanshi.For increasing the amount of the soluble sugar in the leaf of summer maize,Soil zinc fertilizer was better than Soil+Spary zinc fertilizer when the amount of zinc fertilizer was same.The content of starch in the grain of summer maize reached the maximum when the treatment was Zn15,Zn30,Zn30 in Xunxian,Yuzhou,Yanshi.For increasing the content of starch in the grain of summer maize,Soil zinc fertilizer was better than Soil+Spary zinc fertilizer at the same amount of zinc fertilizer.The dry matter yield of summer maize achieve maximum when the treatment was soil zinc fertilizer 15 kg/ha+twice each spraying zinc weight 7.5 kg/ha,soil zinc fertilizer 30 kg/ha and soil zinc fertilizer 15 kg/ha for Xunxian,Yuzhou and Yanshi.Soil+Spary zinc fertilizer can gain dry matter of Xunxian summer corn,but the change of ground dry matter of summer maize was differernt between the different amount of zinc fertilizer for Yuzhou and Xunxian.The amount of zinc fertilizer when the grain yield of summer maize reached the maximum value was the same as the dry matter yield of maize achieve maximum value for Xunxian,Yuzhou and Yanshi.When the amount of zinc fertilizer was same,the effect of Soil+Spray zinc fertilizer on the grain yield of summer corn in Yanshi and Yuzhou was better than Xunxian.

Key words: Zinc fertilizer, Soil application, Foliar spraying, Grain yield, Soluble sugar, Starch, Ground dry matter

中图分类号:

S143.7
S513

甘万祥, 高巍, 刘红恩, 王巧燕, 赵鹏. 锌肥施用量及方式对夏玉米籽粒淀粉含量和产量的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2014, 29(6): 202-207. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2014.06.034.

GAN Wan-xiang, GAO Wei, LIU Hong-en, WANG Qiao-yan, ZHAO Peng. Effects of Different Ways of Applying Zinc Fertilizer and the Amount of Zinc Fertilizer on the Content of Starch in Summer Maize and Yield of Summer Maize[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2014, 29(6): 202-207. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2014.06.034.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2014/V29/I6/202

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