摘要： 为初步探讨生物质炭对烤烟生长及根际土壤理化性质的影响,通过盆栽试验,研究了在施用化肥的基础上添加不同量(70,140,210 g/盆)生物质炭对烤烟干物质积累量及根际土壤酶活性、土壤有机质含量、土壤微生物量碳(SMBC)的影响。结果表明:施加生物质炭提高了烤烟生育中、后期干物质积累量,且添加140 g/盆生物质炭处理效果最明显。在烤烟移栽后80 d内,生物质炭抑制根际土壤转化酶活性,但这种抑制作用随着生育期的推进而逐渐减小,至移栽后80 d,添加70 g/盆生物质炭处理的土壤转化酶活性超过了同时期不添加生物质炭的处理;施加生物质炭可以提高烤烟生育后期过氧化氢酶活性,移栽80 d后,土壤过氧化氢酶活性随着生物质炭添加量的增加而提高。土壤有机质含量随着生物质炭添加量的增加而显著提高;在烤烟生长后期,施加生物质炭对土壤微生物量碳具有提高作用,以140 g/盆生物质炭处理效果最明显,70 g/盆处理次之。因此,施加生物质炭可以显著提高烤烟全生育期根际土壤有机质含量,改善土壤质量(生长后期),促进烤烟生长,且以施加70,140 g/盆生物质炭处理表现出的综合效果较好。

关键词: 烤烟, 生物质炭, 根际土壤, 理化性质, 干物质积累

Abstract: For exploring the effects of biochar application on flue-cured tobacco growth and the physical and chemical property of rhizosphere soil. A pot experiment was conducted to study the accumulation of tobacco leaf dry matter,rhizosphere soil properties so as: soil enzyme activity,content of soil organic matter,soil SMBC by applying different amount(70,140,210 g /20 kg) of biochar. The results showed that: The application of biochar increased the dry matter accumulation of tobacco at the middle and late growth stage,and the effect with 70 g biochar application was most obvious. Biochar inhibited the activity of soil invertase,but the inhibition decreased with the development of growth period,and at 90 days after transplanting,the activity of soil invertase with 70 g biochar application was higher than CK. Biochar can increase the activity of catalase at the late growth stage. The application of biochar significantly increased content of organic matter in the whole growth period,increased soil SMBC in the late growth stage. So,the application of biochar can significantly increased content of organic matter,modified growth environments of flue-cured tobacco,and improved its growth,low-to-mid application rate of biochar(70,140 g /20 kg) has the better effects.

Key words: Tobacco, Biochar, Rhizosphere soil, Physical and chemical property, Dry matter accumulation

中图分类号: 

• S572