摘要： 本研究分析了不同种植年限苜蓿对撂荒地土壤化学性状变化的影响以及全效速效营养成分之间的转化。结果表明,苜蓿种植年限的增加有利于土壤有机质的提高;土壤全N随苜蓿种植年限的增长而增加,但种植年限相差较大时,全N含量才有显著差异;苜蓿种植时间长可使磷元素在表层积累,时间短则表层土壤的全磷聚集不明显;苜蓿种植多年对于土壤全钾含量的增加有显著作用;苜蓿种植对于土壤表层速效N有富集作用,而使土壤深层的速效N大幅下降;苜蓿种植对于土壤表层速效P有积聚作用,种植一到三年的苜蓿一定程度上对于土壤下层的速效P有利用作用,而种植多年的苜蓿对于土壤深层速效P含量有补充作用;种植第三年的苜蓿对于土壤速效K的利用最大,到第五年,苜蓿的种植对于土壤速效K含量有反补的趋势;对于全效养分和速效养分来说,没有种植苜蓿的撂荒地,各营养成分之间没有明显的转化,对于第一年生和第三年生苜蓿,全效和速效养分之间的转化较为明显,其中以氮元素和钾元素较为活跃,磷元素相对来说较为迟缓。对于第五年生苜蓿,由于苜蓿种植对于土壤中速效钾的反补作用,没有发现速效养分和全效养分之间的转化。

关键词: 苜蓿, 不同种植年限, 土壤化学性状, 撂荒地, 养分转化

Abstract: An analysis of chemical properties and total-available transformation was conducted on different planting year of alfalfa in abandoned land.Results showed:Increasing planting year of alfalfa was propitious to organic matter,total N and total K accumulation.In terms of total N,long time plantation of alfalfa made the significant increase.Meanwhile,for total P,long time plantation of alfalfa made the accumulation on the surface of the soil.Plantation of alfalfa for one to three years was making use of available P and K.But,alfalfa plantation for five years could make compensation of available P and K in the soil.For the transformation between total and available elements,there was no significant transformation between them in no-plantation of alfalfa.But for one-year and three-year alfalfa,there was significant transformation between them,especially,N and K element.For five-year plantation of alfalfa,there was significant transformation between total and available elements because of the compensation of available K.

Key words: Alfalfa, Different planting year, Soil chemical properties, Abandoned land, Total-available transformation

中图分类号: 

• S551.7