摘要： 针对太行山山前平原生态类型区土壤有机质含量和土壤氮储量偏低,增产潜力下降和稳定性差等问题,在河北省辛集市马兰农场进行小麦培肥定位试验,研究化肥和有机肥配施对小麦产量及土壤培肥的影响。设5个处理:①对照(不施肥);②NPK化肥;③秸秆还田;④NPK化肥+秸秆还田;⑤NPK化肥+有机肥。结果表明,NPK化肥配合有机肥施用,其作用优于化肥配合等养分含量的秸秆直接还田。相对于对照,不同肥力地块产量增加75.64%～79.7%,增稳系数增加3.03～3.19,土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全磷、有效磷、速效钾分别增加14.59%～19.2%,5.7%～14.81%,10.38%～24.30%,8.63%～10.89%,93.19%～107.24%,17.69%～55.18%。因此化肥和有机肥配合施用能提高土壤有机质、土壤全N、土壤全P、土壤速效氮、有效磷、速效钾含量,增加小麦产量并提高其增产稳定性。

关键词: 有机无机配施, 土壤有机质, 土壤培肥, 增产稳定性

Abstract: To tackle the problems such as lower soil organic matter concentration,soil N reserves,descending yield increasing potential and lower yield stability in Taihang Piedmont Plain,study the effect of NPK fertilizer combined organic manure on soil organic matter concentration and soil nutrient concentration such as nitrogen,phosphorous and potassium,indict the specified quantity. Field experiments are executed in Malan farm,Xinji,Hebei.There were 5 treatments are designed,①CK(no fertilization), ②NPK fertilizer,③Corn straw,④NPK fertilizer +corn straw,⑤NPK fertilizer + organic manure(mainly by horse manure). NPK fertilizer combined organic manure is better than NPK fertlizer combined corn straw with equal nutrient quantity. Compared the CK,Yield has an increase range between 75. 64%－79. 7%. Soil organic matter,total N,available N,total P,available P and available K has respectively increase in 14. 59%－19. 2%,5. 7%－14. 81%,10. 38%－24. 30%,8. 63%－10. 89%,93. 19%－107. 24% and 17. 69%－55. 18% in concentration. NPK fertilizer combined organic manure increase can increase soil organic matter and reserves of N and P,increase soil availble phosphorous and potassium,increase yield and enhance the yield increasing stability(YIS).

Key words: Fertilizer combined organic manure, Soil organic matter, Soil nutrient, Yield stability

中图分类号: 

• S15