摘要： 利用4个普通小麦品种与13个不同显性矮源杂交回交数代以上产生的4套近等基因系,于2006年在非竞争群体条件下开展了近等基因系的二因素品系比较试验,研究矮源及轮回父本遗传背景两个主因素对近等基因系株高株粒重的影响效应。结果表明,13个显性矮源在本试验统一遗传背景条件下株高为38.3~73.2 cm,显性矮源株高与株粒重呈高度正相关(r=0.868 9)。显性矮源株高提高到62.4 cm以上时,既可达到或超过轮回父本单株生产力,从而作为新型矮源应用于小麦矮化育种。其中,具有SWO7,RHT21,SWO5矮源近等基因系的株高极显著高于其他矮源近等基因系的株高,使轮回父本株高(92.6 cm)分别降低到73.2,72.4,69.5 cm。但具有SWO2和SWO4矮源近等基因系的株高分别是59.7,56.9 cm,均达5%的显著差异。显性矮源对株粒重的影响上,具有SWO5,SWO7矮源近等基因系的株粒重17.6,15.9 g,显著高于其他矮源(14.0 g以下)和轮回父本(14.0 g)。RHT10矮源对轮回父本的株高和株粒重的影响最大,使轮回父本株高株粒重分别降低了58.7%,57.1%。推荐株高在60~75 cm的显性矮源SWO5、SWO7、Rht21、奥尔森、雨D用于小麦矮化育种。

关键词: 显性矮源, 株高, 近等基因系, 株粒重, 相关性

Abstract: The four series near isogonics lines from four common wheat varieties backcrossing thirteen dominant dwarfing sources were studied. The two-factor comparative experiment of these near isogonics lines was conducted under non- competitive conditions in order to investigate the effects of the genetic backgrounds of the dwarfing genes and the recurrent paternal parents on the plant height and grain weight. Under the unified genetic backgrounds, the plant height of all the 13 dwarfing sources ranged from 38. 3- 73. 2 cm, being in a signif icant correlat ion with their grain weight per plant (r= 0. 868 9). The grain weight of a dwarfing source variety approached or exceeded its recurrent parent when its plant height was increased to 64. 2 cm or more. Its therefore, was possible to use such innovative dwarfing sources directly in hybridization breeding of wheat. But the plant height of near isogenies lines with SW07, SW05 and RHT21 was significantly higher than that with others. Compared with the recurrent parent plant which was 92. 5 cm, the reduction of plant height in near isogonics lines with SW07, RHT21 and SW05 dwarfing source was 73??2, 72??4 and 69??5 cm respectively The plant height of near isogenies lines with SW02 and SW04 were 59.7 and 56.9 cm respectively and had significantly difference at 5% level. The grain weight of plant of near isogenies lines with SW05 and SW07 was 17.6 and 15.9g respectively and had significantly higher than that of male parents, which was 14.0 g, and than that with others which was bellow 14.0 g. The RHT10 dwarf ing source had affected the grain weight of plant and plant height of recurrent male parents most. The reduction of plant height and grain weight in near isogonics lines with Rht10 was 58.7% and 57.1% respectively compared with recurrent parent. It is recommended that the dominant dwarfing sources developed and selectedi. e. SW07, SW05, Rht21, Olsen dwarf, YD be utilized in gene-designed?? dwarfing breeding of wheat.

Key words: Dominant dwarf ing source, Near isogenies lines, Plant height, Grain weight of plant

中图分类号: 

• S512.1