摘要： 2004-2006年采用对比试验,研究了垄作和传统平作两种种植方式下小麦干物质积累及分配对3种不同基因型小麦(济麦20、泰山23和烟农19)源库关系及籽粒产量的影响。结果表明:垄作种植方式下小麦单位面积干物质积累量要显著高于传统平作;垄作种植方式下小麦能够显著增加光合产物向叶片中的分配比例,从而达到扩"源"的目的;灌浆中期(5月23日)以前,垄作种植方式下光合产物向茎杆中分配的比例显著高于传统平作,是垄作小麦抗倒伏能力提高的关键因素;垄作种植方式下小麦能够在成熟前加快茎杆中贮藏的干物质向籽粒中转移,提高收获指数;垄作种植方式与传统平作比较,能够扩"源"稳"库",通过增加千粒重和穗粒数而显著的提高产量。

关键词: 小麦, 垄作, 干物质, 源库关系

Abstract: To investigate the effects of dry matter accumulation and allocation on source2sink relation and grain yieldof wheat(Triticum aestivum L)under raised bed planting(RBP)and conventional flat planting(CFP)conditions,compara2tive experiment was conducted in 2004 - 2006 using three different wheat genotypes(Jimai 20,Tulsa 23 and Yannong19). The results showed that the dry matter accumulation per unit area in wheat grown under RBP conditions was higherthan that under CFP conditions;The allocation of photosynthetic products in leaves of RBP wheat significantly increased,then achieving more expanded sources. The dry matter accumulation,which was essential to the lodging resistance ofplant,was higher in CFP wheat stems compared to that in RBP wheat stems prior to the medium termof grain2filling stage(May 23). The dry matter transform from mature stalks to grain in RBP wheat was accelerated,resulting to a higher har2vest index. The source and stable library significantly expanded in RBP wheat due to the increased grain weight,grainnumber per unit area and then the increased grain yield.

Key words: Triticum aestivum L, Raised bed planting, Dry matter, Source2sink relations

中图分类号: 

• S512.101