摘要： 为进一步了解芦荟黑斑病的发生规律，采用组织分离法、血球计数板法、悬滴法等对病原菌进行了形态鉴定及其培养特性的研究。结果表明，芦荟黑斑病的病原菌为倒梨形链格孢(Alternaria obpyriformis T Y Zhang)。该菌菌丝生长和分生孢子产生的温度范围为10～30℃，最适温度为25℃；在pH 3.92～10.82的范围内该菌均能生长和产孢，菌丝生长最适pH 3.92～6.83，产生分生孢子的最适pH 5.23～6.83；分生孢子萌发的温度范围为10～35℃，最适20～30℃，最适pH 3.86～9.23.分生孢子在饱和湿度或水滴中萌发快，相对湿度低于81%时不能萌发。分生孢子的致死温度为55℃，10 min。光暗交替下培养的菌丝生长最好，产孢量最多，其次是完全黑暗下，而连续光照条件下的菌丝生长缓慢且产孢量少。该菌适合在含有芦荟成分的培养基上生长和产孢，能利用多种单糖、多糖及醇类作碳源和L-亮氨酸等有机氮和硫酸铵等无机氮作氮源。
关键词:
芦荟,
黑斑病,
倒梨形链格孢,
形态鉴定,
培养特性
Abstract: In order to illuminate the occur rule of aloe black spot, the morphology identification and cultural characteristic of its pothogen Alternaria obpyriformis T Y Zhang by tissue isolating method, hemocytometer measurement method and suspension drop method. The results showed that the pathogen of aloe black spot was Alternaria obpyriformis T Y Zhang. The temperature ranging from 10 to 30℃ and the pH valure ranging from 3.92 to 10.82 was available for mycelia growth and conidial generation. The optimum temperature is 25℃. The optimum pH value for mycelia growth was 3.92-6.83. The optimum pH value for conidial generation was 5.23-6.83. The temperature ranging from 15 to 35℃ was suitable for conidial germination, the optimum temperature was 20-30℃. The optimum pH value for conidial germination was 3.86-9.23. The conidial could germinate quickly in saturated humidity or water drops and could not germinate when the relative humidity is less than 81%. The lethal temperature of the conidia was 55℃ for 10 min. When A. obpyriformis grew in light and darkness alternatively it could produce spores normally. But A. obpyriformis cultured in continuous light and darkness would result in slower growth and a few spores generation. A. obpyriformis could grow and generate spores in the medium containing aloe and make use of various monosaccharides, polysaccharides and alcohols as carbon souce as well as L-leucine and ammonium sulfate as nitrogen source.
Key words:
Aloe. L,
Black spot,
Alternaria obpyriformis T Y Zhang,
Morphology identification,
Culture characteristic
中图分类号:
鲁红学, 赵明敏, 李建强. 芦荟黑斑病病原鉴定及培养特性的研究[J]. 华北农学报, 2007, 22(1): 156-160. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-7091.2007.01.037.
LU Hong-xue, ZHAO Ming-min, LI Jian-qiang. Studies on Identification and Culture Characteristic of Alternaria obpyriformis T Y Zhang[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2007, 22(1): 156-160. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-7091.2007.01.037.