2n配子在植物育种和种质创新中利用的研究进展

doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-7091.2003.z1.008

华北农学报

2n配子在植物育种和种质创新中利用的研究进展

张新忠¹, 闫立英², 刘国俭¹, 赵永波¹, 常瑞丰¹

1. 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所,昌黎 066600;
2. 河北科技师范学院园艺系,昌黎 066600

收稿日期:2003-07-01 出版日期:2003-12-31
作者简介:张新忠(1966- ),男,河北平泉人,副研究员,博士,主要从事果树种质资源与遗传育种研究方面的研究工作。
基金资助:
河北省自然基金资助项目(397325;301341)

Utilization of 2n Gametes in Plant Breeding and Germplasm Enhancement

ZHANG Xin-zhong¹, YAN Li-ying², LIU Guo-jian¹, ZHAO Yong-bo¹, CHANG Rui-feng¹

1. Changli Institute of Pomology,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Changli066600,China;
2. Dept.Hort.,Hebei Sci-Tech.Teacher’s College.Changli066600,China

Received:2003-07-01 Published:2003-12-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2n配子在植物进化过程中起了重要作用,目前,自发、诱发2n配子已在马铃薯、苜蓿、红三叶草、越桔等作物的育种实践中应用,并分别获得了良好的效果。本文综述了关于植物2n配子的主要研究方向和近期取得的研究结果;植物自发、诱发2n配子在有性多倍化、利用种质资源、传递杂种优势、克服胚乳平衡数障碍、克服自交不亲合、马铃薯实生育种及其他领域应用的优越性和已取得的成果;国际国内通过轮回选择、2n花粉机械分离、诱导基因突变及直接诱导2n配子等方法提高2n配子利用效率的研究进展;2n配子育种的应用前景。

关键词: 植物, 2n配子, 应用, 综述

Abstract: The advantages,the prospects of the use of 2n gametes in plant breeding and germplasm enhancement,and the significance of unreduced gametes in plant evolution have been conf irmed. Both spantoneous andinduced 2n gametes were practicaly used in breeding programs of potato,red clove,goose berry etc. with admirableresult. The aim of this paper is to make an up- to- date review of 2n gametes in 4 subtopics. 1) Theg eneral research fields and their recent results; 2) the advances and the achivements of the use of 2n gametes in sexual polyploidization,germplasm utilization,maximizing heterozygosity,vercoming the Endosperm BalanceNumber barrier,breaking self-incompatibility,breeding for True Potato Seed and some else projects; 3) therecent studies on manipulating the efficiency of 2n gametes through recurrent selection,mechanical seperat ing 2n pollen,induced meiot ic mutant orinduction of 2n gametes; 4) the prospects of 2n gamete utilization.

Key words: Unreduced gamete, Ut ilization, Review

中图分类号:

S61.03

ZHANG Xin-zhong, YAN Li-ying, LIU Guo-jian, ZHAO Yong-bo, CHANG Rui-feng. Utilization of 2n Gametes in Plant Breeding and Germplasm Enhancement[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-7091.2003.z1.008.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2003/V18/IS1/30

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