种植植物对煤矸石填埋区复垦土壤真菌多样性及养分含量的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20190997

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究种植植物对煤矸石填埋区复垦土壤真菌多样性及养分的影响，为复垦土壤质量的提升提供理论依据，选择分别种植玉米、大豆、苜蓿、毛苕子4种植物的复垦土壤与自然恢复复垦土壤进行比较，基于高通量测序技术分析不同植物种植下复垦土壤真菌多样性的特征及其与土壤养分的相关性。结果表明，真菌多样性Simpson指数在种植大豆后最大，且显著高于自然恢复（P<0.05）；Shannon指数在种植大豆和玉米后较大，二者差异不显著，但均显著高于自然恢复（P<0.05）；Chao1指数与ACE指数均为种植毛苕子后最大，与种植玉米和大豆差异不显著，但均显著高于自然恢复（P<0.05）。不同植物种植下复垦土壤中的OTU单元数量（514~732）均高于自然恢复（439），复垦土壤中相对丰度最高的真菌门为子囊菌门，丰度较高的真菌属为被孢菌属，相对于自然恢复，种植植物可以提高子囊菌门的相对丰度、降低被孢菌属相对丰度；不同植物种植下复垦土壤中存在显著差异的真菌包括1个纲，7个目，11个科，7个属；复垦土壤中除全磷和全钾外，全氮、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量均表现为自然恢复下最低，且自然恢复与不同植物种植下土壤中全氮、有机质和碱解氮含量间有显著差异，均为毛苕子处理下最高；RDA分析结果表明，驱动该复垦土壤中真菌多样性变化的主要养分因子为全氮、全磷和碱解氮。总体来看，种植植物可以提高复垦土壤中的养分含量，改变真菌群落结构，增加复垦土壤真菌多样性。

关键词: 不同植物, 高通量测序技术, 土壤真菌多样性, 煤矸石填埋区

Abstract: The purpose of the paper was to study the effect of plants planting on fungal diversity and nutrients in reclaimed soil in the coal gangue landfill area, and to provide theoretical basis for improving the quality of reclaimed soil. Compared with that of natural restoration, the reclaimed soil planted with maize, soybean, alfalfa and hair-vetch was the characteristics of fungal diversity in reclaimed soil and its correlation with soil nutrients were analyzed based on high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the Simpson index of fungal diversity was the largest under soybean, which was significantly higher than that under natural restoration (P<0.05); Shannon index was larger under soybean and maize, and the difference was not significant, but was significantly higher than that under natural restoration (P<0.05); Chao1 index and ACE index were the largest under hair-vetch, which was not significantly different with maize and soybean, but significantly higher than natural restoration (P<0.05).The number of OTU units under different plants(514-732) was higher than that under natural restoration(439). The higher abundance of fungi phylum in reclaimed soil was ascomycota, and the higher abundance genus was mortierella. There were significant differences under different plant planting in reclaimed soil, including 1 Class, 7 Orders, 11 Families, and 7 Genera.In addition to TP and TK, the contents of TN, OM, AN, AP and AK in the reclaimed soil were the lowest under natural restoration, and the contents of TN, OM and AN in the soil between natural restoration and plant planting were significantly different, which were the highest under hair-vetch treatment. The results of RDA showed that TN, TP and AN were the main nutrient factors driving the change of fungal diversity in the reclaimed soil. In general, planting plants could improve the nutrient content of reclaimed soil, change the structure of fungal community and increase the diversity of fungi in reclaimed soil.

Key words: Different plants, High-throughput sequencing technology, Soil fungi diversity, Coal gangue landfill area

中图分类号:

S154.3

靳东升, 张强, 张变华, 郜春花, 李建华, 卢晋晶. 种植植物对煤矸石填埋区复垦土壤真菌多样性及养分含量的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2020, 35(5): 206-213. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190997.

JIN Dongsheng, ZHANG Qiang, ZHANG Bianhua, GAO Chunhua, LI Jianhua, LU Jinjing. Effect of Planting Plants on Fungi Diversity and Nutrients in Reclaimed Soil of Coal Gangue Landfill Area[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2020, 35(5): 206-213. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190997.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2020/V35/I5/206

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