摘要： 通过对小麦花药培养基中各种碳源的研究,发现单独使用麦芽糖作碳源的培养基出愈率最高,麦芽糖与蔗糖搭配使用培养效果次之,而单独使用蔗糖作碳源出愈率最低。在整个碳源比较试验中,随着培养基中麦芽糖比例的增加,出愈率随之提高。糖源对出愈率的影响与其水解产物有关。在游离小孢子培养中,麦芽糖是最好的糖源,其他糖源经培养未形成胚状体。检查培养3d后的小孢子活力发现唯有麦芽糖作碳源的培养基有活力;认为高浓度的蔗糖葡萄糖以及葡萄糖与果糖混合糖源对小孢子有毒害作用。葡萄糖起始浓度达到20mmol/L时,对小孢子有致死作用。当麦芽糖培养1d后,再加入高浓度的葡萄糖发现小孢子存有活力,而且随着培养天数的增加,小孢子的活力也增加。

关键词: 小麦, 碳源, 花药培养, 游离小孢子培养, 出愈率

Abstract: The carbohydrate composition containing maltose,sucrose and the mixture of maltose and sucrose respectively in induction medium of wheat anther culture were studied.The callus rate induced in medium using maltose as the sole carbohydrate was found to be the highest,followed by that using the mixture of maltose and sucrose,and the callus rate in that using sucrose medium was the lowest.In the whole carbohydrate experiment,the callus rate increased with the increasing of maltose content.The effects of the carbohydrate on callus rate related to their hybolysis products.Maltose was the best carbohydrate in isolated microspores culture.The microspores incubated in other carbohydrate did not form callus.Some of microspores incubated for 3 days in only maltose medium had viability.It was concluded that high concentration of sucrose,glucose and fructose was toxic to the microspores.The initial concentration of glucose up to 2 0 mmol/L resulted in the microspores death.When high concentration of glucose was added after 1 day incubation with moltose,the microspores was still viable.The viability of microspore increased with the incubation time.

Key words: Wheat, Carbohydrate source, Anther culture, Isolated microspore culture, Callus rate

中图分类号: 

• S512.01