摘要： 以元帅系苹果为试材，在小袋气调贮藏、大帐气调贮藏及低温冷藏三种条件下，采用气相色谱法（GC）分析贮藏期间果肉中芳香物质含量变化，结果表明：①低温冷藏时，红星苹果贮藏初期乙醛、乙醇及乙酸乙酯含量低，60天时形成高峰，其后持续下降，呈跃变形。小袋简易气调贮藏时，果肉中乙醇和乙酸乙酯含量低，贮藏后期乙醛含量显着上升。②小袋气调贮藏时，红星苹果乙醛含量低于短枝型品种新红星及首红，而乙酸乙酯含量高于短枝品种。贮藏90天时，红星苹果乙醛含量下降及乙酸乙酯增加更为明显。③小袋气调贮藏时，测出了红星苹果13种4大类芳香物质，其中醇类和酯类物质有明显高峰期，醛类贮藏期持续上升，酮类则无显着差异。小袋简易气调贮藏的芳香物质总量在90天时最高，与果肉固形物测定结果相吻合。大帐气调贮藏则在120天出现芳香物质高峰期。这一滞后现象使红星苹果的贮藏期延长30天左右。

关键词: 元帅系苹果, 芳香物质, 贮藏, 气相色谱

Abstract: Delicious line apple fruit were stored at 0-1℃ for 120 days in CA,simple CA(SCA)and cool storage(CS)condition.The contents of aroma volatites by stored fruit was measured by gas chromatography during storage time. The results showed that:(1)In CS condition,the contents of acetaldehyde,ethanol and ethyl acetate in the flesh of Starking fruit increased gradually,reached their peaks at 60 days,then declined from 60 days to 120 days.However,in SCA condition,the mean contents of ethanol and ethyl acetate was lower than that of CS condition,but acetalsehyde content was obviously higher at 90 and 120 days.(2)The content of acetaldehyde in non spur type Starking fruit in SCA condition was lower than that of spur type Starkrimson,Redchief and Ultrared Del,but ethanol and ethyl acetate contents in Starking fruit was higher than that of spur type varieties at 90 days in storage.(3)Starking fruit in SCA condition had 13 kind volatatite aromo substances,including ketone,aldehyde,alcohol and easter.From 0 to 120 days in storage,alcohol and easter produced their peaks,ketone changed smoothly,but aldehyde increased contenously.Fruit soluble solid content did not significantly decreased at 90 days in SCA storage,meanwhile,the peak of total aroma volatites appeared,but the peak of CA treatment delayed to 120 days.

Key words: Delicious line apple, Volatite aroma substances, Storage, Gas chromatography

中图分类号: 

• S661.109.3