摘要： 为探索干热处理后带菌种子贮藏时间对种子发芽率及病菌活力的影响,明确干热处理后种子贮藏的最佳条件。以3种自然带菌的黄瓜种子为材料,将不同干热处理后的带菌黄瓜种子在4 ℃中分别贮藏1,2,3,6,9个月,测定贮藏时间对种子发芽率的影响,同时采用平板保湿培养法和荧光双染技术测定种子上病原真菌活力的变化。结果表明,干热处理带菌黄瓜种子的发芽率和种子上病原菌的活力随贮藏时间的延长呈现下降趋势。70 ℃处理40,60 min的黄瓜种子贮藏3个月后,3种带菌种子的发芽率均保持在88%以上,贮藏6个月后,发芽率均下降至约80%,70 ℃处理90 min的黄瓜种子贮藏3个月后,3种带菌种子的发芽率均下降至75%以下;而贮藏3个月后,带菌种子内外均无病原菌生长,孢子死亡率均上升至100%。说明70 ℃干热处理 40,60 min后的带菌黄瓜种子贮藏3个月后发芽率仍在88%以上且病原菌死亡率达100%,因此,可作为种子贮藏前的处理条件,但70 ℃干热处理90 min后的种子适宜直接播种,且干热处理后的种子不适宜长期贮藏。

关键词: 贮藏时间, 干热处理, 带菌种子, 发芽率, 病原菌活力

Abstract: In order to explore the effect of storage time on germination rate of infected seeds treated with dry heat and the activity of pathogenic fungi on infected seeds,and figure out the best condition for storage.In this paper,we used three different infected cucumber seeds as materials.The seeds were storing in 4 ℃ for 1,2,3,6,9 months respectively after treated with dry heat.The seed was evaluated by determining seed germination rate,and the pathogenic activities in the seeds were also evaluated by tablet moisturizing culture method as well as double fluorescence staining.The results indicated that the seed germination rate and the vigor of pathogenic fungi on infected seeds were reduced with the extending of storage time after stored 1,2,3,6,9 months respectively.Seed germination rate was maintain above 88% after 3 months storage and about 80% after 6 months storage when the infected seeds treated 40,60 min under 70 ℃ respectively.However,seed germination rate was below 75% after 3 months storage when the infected seeds treated 90 min under 70 ℃.There was no pathogenic fungi detected and the mortality of the spores on the surface or internal of the infected seed treated with dry heat after stored 3 months.The experiment suggested that the seeds germination rate and the vigor of pathogenic fungi on infected seeds were decreased after storing the dry heat treated infected seeds.When the infected seeds treated 40,60 min under 70 ℃ seeds,germination rate were above 90% and the pathogen had lost its vitality.Therefore these can be used as treatment condition before seed storage.

Key words: Storage time, Dry heat treatment, Infected seeds, Germination rate, Pathogenic vitality

中图分类号: 

• S642.01