摘要： 研讨了旱地棉花产量与其构成因素间的相互关系及各产量因子对皮棉产量的相对重要性和决定作用。结果表明，旱地棉田在干旱和雨涝两种不同条件下，其参数显然不同。一般在干旱条件下，皮棉产量与亩铃数关系密切，在主要产量因素中，亩铃数对皮棉产量的相对重要性最大，决定程度也最高；而在雨涝条件下，皮棉产量与衣分相关关系密切，在主要产量因素中，衣分对皮棉产量的贡献最大，决定程度也最高。通过研究，提出了适应不同条件的棉花育种目标。选育水地棉花高产品种，抗病、早熟、高衣分可作为育种的主攻方向；旱地棉花育种，应该把结铃性、铃重和保全苗能力作为选择重点。

关键词: 棉花, 育种, 产量分析

Abstract: Path analysis shows that in the dry condition, cotton lint yield is closely related to the bolls/mu which is the decisive and the most contributive factor on the yield(r2=0.6323),and in condition of raininess，cotton lint yield is closely related to the lint percent which is the decisive and the most contributive factor on the yield (r²=0.4462). Therefore, we suggest that the main breeding objectives for irrigated cotton should be good resistance, early maturity and higher lint percent, but for rainfed cotton, boll-bearing characteristics, boll weight and germination and emergence ability should be the main breeding objectives.

Key words: Cotton, Yield analysis, Breeding

中图分类号: 

• S562.01