摘要： 将苹果、梨、桃、李和樱桃等树种的39个品种的花粉干燥至含水量10%~20%，直接投入液氮中（-196℃），经过一段时间保存后，再以40℃水浴快速化冻1min，然后鉴定其生活力和萌发力。结果表明，花粉的生活力没有明显变化，其离体萌发率与新鲜花粉相近。新鲜花粉含水量在60%左右，不宜用于液氮保存。花粉含水量是影响保存效果的关键因子之一，只要花粉含水量适宜，可以多次反复冷冻—化冻，生活力不受影响。此项技术可用于果树花粉的长期保存。

关键词: 超低温保存种质, 花粉, 果树

Abstract: The pollens from 39 varieties of fruit trees-apple (Mains puinila Mill), pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd) , peach (Primus perisica L. ), plum (P. salicina Lindl) , and cherry (P. avium L. ) were dried for water content to decrease to 10%-20% before being put into liquid nitrogen for a period of time, and then thawed in 40℃ water bath for 1 min. The result showed that the viability and the germination capacity of pollens in vitro treated in this way approached those of fresh pollens. The fresh pollen with 60% of water can not be stored in liquid nitrogen. The water content in pollens is one of the factors influencing the result of fruit storability in liquid nitrogen. If the water content in p Mens is suitable for su-percryopreservation, the process of freezing-thawing of stored polle is can be repeated some times, and the pollen viability can not be influenced. This technology can be used for long-term conservation of fruit pollens.

Key words: Germplasm supercryopreservation, Pollen, Fruit trees