摘要： 选用十二个性状各异的小麦品种，配成4×4×4共64个组合，采用Wolf（1988）方法研究了复交中几个主要性状的遗传成分及亲本配合力效应，并对复交亲本及组合进行了具体评价。结果表明，复交群体的各主要性状遗传变异中仍以基因的加性效应占主要地位，三亲特殊配合力的变异度显著高于两亲特殊配合力的变异度。在注意亲本农艺性状水平的基础上，选用配合力好的亲本进行复交是创造较大遗传变异的重要途径。

关键词: 小麦, 三组亲本杂交, 配合力

Abstract: Twelve wheat cultivars were crossed in a factorial triallel design (4×4×4).Data on six traits of all crosses were recorded on F 1-population and the combining ability of parents was analysed according to "Wolf's (1688) method.The result showed that the additive effect were much more important than the non-additive effect, the special combining abilities of three parents were much higher than that of two parents in the factorial triallel crosses.To use the parents with good combining ability is important for multiple crosses in wheat breeding.

Key words: Wheat, Factorial triallel cross, Combining ability