摘要： 利用负压处理酶—愈伤组织或悬浮系的混合物,可使原生质体产量比各自对照提高2～3倍,并且可以降低酶使用浓度,缩短解离时间,促进生物酶的解离效率.实验证明,小麦愈伤组织或悬浮细胞在酶液中经700mmHg的负压下处理30分钟后就可使原生质体的产量大幅度提高.而且不会造成原生质体的破损和生活力的下降.培养7天后统计一次分裂频率,处理略高于对照.合适的负压处理时间在30～180分钟之间,具体应根据需要解离材料的来源和细胞状态而确定.结合负压处理,已成功地从有芒白7号成熟胚愈伤组织及悬浮系中分离出大量生活力高的原生质体,并得到细胞团和再生愈伤组织.植株的分化实验正在进行.

关键词: 负压处理, 原生质体分离和培养, 小麦

Abstract: When the mixture of enzyme-callus or suspension cells of wheat was treated with negative pressure, the protoplast yields could be doubled or even tribled compared with control. The concentration of enzymes for protoplast isolation could be much reduced without any decrease of protoplast population. This was due to the enhancement of isolation efficiency promop-ted by the treatment of negative pressure. Results showed that the proper length of time for the treatment ranged from 30 to 180 min. depending on different materials. It presented no harmful effect on protoplast completeness, viability and division ability.

Key words: Negative pressure treatment, Protoplast isolation and culture, Wheat