摘要： 对我国普遍采用的各种类型单屋面温室的结构研究表明, 从透明后屋面进入的光对温室的光温性能有很大的影响。本研究测定结果是, 后屋面透明的温室, 地面水平光强度比对照增加0.60-26.31%；白天气温和地温分别提高3.25℃和2.24℃；夜间气温差异不大, 而地温有不同程度的提高；温室内果菜类蔬菜生长前期的最适温度的延续时间, 每天平均比对照长1.7小时。并求得了温度、光强度与高度、跨度的回归方程。

关键词: 温室, 后屋面, 散射光, 光温性能

Abstract: Studying on the construction of different types of lean-to house which are used commonly in China showed that the light from the transparent back-roof was of great influence to light intensity and temperature in lean-to house. According to our examination and investigation, the materials indicated that the light intensity near the soil-surface were increased from 0.6% to 26.31% comparing with the traditional lean-to house with untransparent back-roof. Air and soil temperatures on daytime were 3.25℃ and 2.24℃ higher than that of the contrast respectively. The difference of the night air temperature between two types of greenhouse was obvious. But the night soil temperature between them were different in some extent Rising and descending speeds of day air temperature were 3.32℃/Hr and 2.98℃/Hr respectively, while that of the contrast were 2.99℃/Hr and 2,05℃/Hr. Early in spring during the growing stage of fruit vegetable, the duration of optimum temperature in lean-to house with transparent back-roof was 1.7 hours longer than that of the contrast. Regression equations between temperature and height and span as well as between light intensity and height and span were found.

Key words: Greenhouse, Back-roof, Scattered light, States of light and temperature