摘要： 本文对54个芝麻杂交组合10个性状进行配合力分析,结果得出:一般配合力方差明显大于特殊配合力方差,表明这些性状的遗传主要受加性基因控制.同一亲本不同性状或同一性状不同亲本间的一般配合力和组合的特殊配合力相差很大.即使双亲的一般配合力都为负值,也不能排除获得特殊配合力较高的组合.特殊配合力与双亲一般配合力均值呈显著、极显著的正相关.果轴长、单株产量、单株蒴数、株高和千粒重5个性状的总配合力与单株实产呈极显著的正相关,腿高和黄尖长呈极显著的负相关.上述分析结果有利于芝麻亲本选配及杂种后代的选择.

关键词: 芝麻, 配合力

Abstract: The comdining ability for 10 characters of 54 crosscombinations mated with 15 sesame varieties were analysed in this study. The result showed that general combining ability variances were obviously higher than spesific combining ability which indicated these characters were mainly controlled by additive gene action. The differences of GCA values with different characters of a parent or characters with different parents were evident. And the differences of SCA values of different combinations were also evident. It is not desirable to rule out some crosses with high SCA values though the GCA values of their two parents were negative. The SCA values of cross-combinations were significantly positively correlated with the means of biparental GCA values. The total combining ability of 5 characters, i.e. length of fruiting section of the steme, seed yield/plant, capsules/plant, plant height and 1000 seed weight were significantly positively correlated with seed yield/plant, and significantly negatively correlated with height of first capsules/setting and the length of spike top. These results may be useful in selecting and mating good parents and selection for better hybrids in sequence generations.

Key words: Sesame, Combining Ability