Abstract: With the method of field simulated sand tubes, the transmission characteristics of various manure in chestnut soil in the high, cold and semi-arid areas of northwest Herbei province together with their control factors were studied. The results showed that: 1) During the first three months, the manure were decomposed significantly and huge mineralized carbon accumulated. Thereafter, their decomposition was slowed down and getting stable at two years of decomposition. The decomposition rate of various manure were tested as pig manure＞sheep manure＞cow manure＞hors manure＞farmyard manure. As for the stalk composts, wheat stalk decomposed relative slow, and no significant difference was found among other stalk composts. 2)The decomposition coefficient of organic manure in chestnut soil varied between 0.25 to 0.72, and showed farmyard manure＞horse manure＞cow manure＞sheep manure＞pig manure, and wheat stalk＞naked oak stalk＞dahuria wildry grass stalk. The coefficients of the stalks in pea family were observed no difference. The rates of mineralization of organic matters in soil were measured between1.10%~4.53%, and2.86%~4.53% for meadow chestnut soil on dry sandy land.3)The dynamic mineral process of three kinds of organic manure could be described as: 1/C_t=1/C₀+b/t, C_t=C₀e_-kt, C_t=A+Bt1/2 and C_t=AtB. Dynamic parameters such as C_t, k, A could indicated the characteristic of mineralization of organic manure.

Key words: Northwest of Hebei province, Chestnut soil, Organic manure, Decomposition characteristics, Organic matter control