河北超高产水稻品种产量构成与生产特性分析

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20195112

华北农学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (S1): 104-113. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195112

所属专题： 水稻；栽培生理；

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇下一篇

河北超高产水稻品种产量构成与生产特性分析

耿雷跃¹^,², 邹拓¹^,², 王硕¹^,², 郑振宇¹^,², 姚玉涛¹^,², 杜秋红³, 刘双海⁴, 张启星¹^,², 张薇¹^,², 杜琪¹^,²

¹ 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所,河北唐山 063299
² 唐山市水稻育种重点实验室,河北唐山 063299
³ 丰南区农业农村局,河北唐山 063300
⁴ 曹妃甸区第五农场,河北唐山 063205

收稿日期:2025-05-03 出版日期:2025-12-29
通讯作者:
杜琪(1988-),男,山东临沂人,副研究员,博士,主要从事高产优质水稻育种与栽培研究。
张薇(1990-),女,河北唐山人,副研究员,主要从事优质水稻育种研究。
作者简介:
耿雷跃(1981-),男,河北唐山人,副研究员,博士,主要从事耐盐高产水稻遗传育种研究。
基金资助:
河北省农林科学院科技创新专项(2022KJCXZX-BHS-1); 河北省现代农业产业技术体系小麦产业创新团队优质水稻岗位项目(HBCT2023010204); 河北省重点研发计划项目“杂粮杂豆现代种业科技创新团队”(21326305D-2); 河北省耐盐碱作物种业科技创新团队项目(23327501D); 唐山市水稻育种重点实验室项目(2021TS001b)

Analysis of Yield Composition and Production Characteristics of Super High-yield Rice Varieties in Hebei Province

GENG Leiyue¹^,², ZOU Tuo¹^,², WANG Shuo¹^,², ZHENG Zhenyu¹^,², YAO Yutao¹^,², DU Qiuhong³, LIU Shuanghai⁴, ZHANG Qixing¹^,², ZHANG Wei¹^,², DU Qi¹^,²

¹ Institure of Coastal Agriculture,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Tangshan 063299,China
² Tangshan Key Laboratory of Rice Breeding,Tangshan 063299,China
³ Fengnan District Agriculture and rural Bureau,Tangshan 063300,China
⁴ The Fifth Farm of Caofeidian District,Tangshan 063205,China

Received:2025-05-03 Published:2025-12-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

滨稻8号、滨稻10号和滨稻18是河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所最新选育的耐逆高产系列水稻新品种,均展现弯穗大粒叶下禾的株型特征,在高产栽培条件下产量均超12.5 t/hm²。以滨稻8号、滨稻10号、滨稻18为材料,与其亲本津原89、垦育60及对照盐丰47比较,分析产量构成、干物质积累及光合特性,解析其高产形成机理。结果表明:滨稻品种平均产量12.61~13.06 t/hm²,平均较对照(盐丰47)增产15.51%,地上干物质积累量19.74~20.56 t/hm²,显著高于对照16.45%;产量库容较双亲及对照提升14.5%~15.2%,综合父本多穗与母本大粒特性,千粒质量28~30 g,较对照高16.57%。抽穗后滨稻品种叶面积指数“稳升缓降”,光合势356.83~378.58 (m²·d)/m²,较盐丰47高50.17%,蜡熟期总叶绿素含量高49.42%,净同化率2.62~2.78 g/(m²·d),保障生育后期物质生产。茎鞘非结构性碳水化合物表观转移率39.26%~43.24%,灌浆前中期高效输出充实库容,结实率超93%。综上,滨稻品种通过“大库容+强源供应+流畅转运”协同实现超高产,为华北粳稻高产育种提供理论支撑。

关键词: 滨稻品种, 超高产, 产量构成, 生产特性

Abstract:

Bindao 8(BD8),Bindao 10(BD10)and Bindao 18(BD18)are a series of new rice varieties with high yield and resistance,which were newly bred by Institute of Coastal Agriculture,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,all showing the characteristics of bent ear large grain leaf under the rice.Under high-yield cultivation conditions,the yield exceeds 12.5 t/ha.This study used BD8,BD10 and BD18 as materials,compares them with their parents Jinyuan 89(JY89)and Kenyu 60(KY60),and the control variety Yanfeng 47(YF47),analyzes the yield composition,dry matter accumulation,and photosynthetic characteristics,and the mechanism underlying its high-yield.The results showed that the average yield of the Bindao varieties was 12.61-13.06 t/ha,which was 15.51% higher than that of YF47;the above-ground dry matter accumulation was 19.74-20.56 t/ha,which was significantly higher than the control by 16.45%;the yield reservoir capacity was increased by 14.5%-15.2% compared to the parents and the control;the thousand-grain weight was 28-30 g,which was 16.57% higher than that of YF47.After heading,the leaf area index of the Bindao varieties showed a trend of steady increase and slow decline,the photosynthetic potential was 356.83-378.58 (m²·d)/m²,which was 50.17% higher than that of YF47;the total chlorophyll content during the wax ripening period was high by 49.42%,and the net assimilation rate was 2.62-2.78 g/(m²·d),ensuring the material production during the later growth period.The apparent transfer rate of non-structural carbohydrates in the stem sheath was 39.26%-43.24%,and the efficient output during the early and mid-grain filling period could fill the reservoir capacity,with a grain setting rate exceeding 93%.In summary,the Bindao varieties achieve ultra-high yields through the synergistic effects of "large reservoir capacity+strong source supply smooth transportation",providing theoretical support for high-yield breeding of Japonica rice in North China.

Key words: Bindao varieties, Super high yield, Yield composition, Production characteristics

中图分类号:

S511稻

耿雷跃, 邹拓, 王硕, 郑振宇, 姚玉涛, 杜秋红, 刘双海, 张启星, 张薇, 杜琪. 河北超高产水稻品种产量构成与生产特性分析[J]. 华北农学报, 2025, 40(S1): 104-113. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195112.

GENG Leiyue, ZOU Tuo, WANG Shuo, ZHENG Zhenyu, YAO Yutao, DU Qiuhong, LIU Shuanghai, ZHANG Qixing, ZHANG Wei, DU Qi. Analysis of Yield Composition and Production Characteristics of Super High-yield Rice Varieties in Hebei Province[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2025, 40(S1): 104-113. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195112.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2025/V40/IS1/104

图/表 8

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	Zhang H C, Wu G C, Wu W G, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Gao H, Wei H Y, Huang X F, Gong J L. The SOI model of quantitative cultivation of super-high yielding rice[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2010, 43(13):2645-2660.
[37]	Sheehy J E, Dionora M J A, Mitchell P L. Spikelet numbers,sink size and potential yield in rice[J]. Field Crops Research, 2001, 71(2):77-85.doi:10.1016/S0378-4290(01)00145-9. URL
[38]	袁小乐, 潘晓华, 石庆华, 吴建富, 漆映雪. 超级早、晚稻品种的源库协调性[J]. 作物学报, 2009, 35(9):1744-1748.doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.01744.
	Yuan X Y, Pan X H, Shi Q H, Wu J F, Qi Y X. Coordination between source and sink in super early and late rice[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2009, 35(9):1744-1748. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.01744 URL
[39]	凌启鸿, 杨建昌. 水稻群体“粒叶比”与高产栽培途径的研究[J]. 中国农业科学, 1986, 19(3):1-8.doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.1986-19-03-1-8.
	Ling Q H, Yang J C. Studies on “grain-leaf ratio” of population and cultural approaches of high yield in rice plants[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 1986, 19(3):1-8.
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品种 Variety	穗数/(个/m²) Panicle number	穗粒数 Spikelets per panicle		总颖花数/ (×10³/m²) Total spikelets		结实率/% Seed-setting rate		千粒质量/g 1000-grain weight
滨稻8号 BD8	333.60±23.92c	132.74±14.77ab		44.24±3.25bc		94.34±2.57a		29.95±1.64a
滨稻10号 BD10	355.59±23.54b	130.84±14.90a		46.57±4.32ab		93.48±2.83a		29.99±1.84a
滨稻18 BD18	399.86±19.23a	124.41±14.17bc		49.75±3.57a		93.83±2.42a		28.68±1.57b
津原89 JY89	324.20±25.09c	129.45±12.77ab		41.97±4.31c		93.32±3.31a		29.72±1.53a
垦育60 KY60	403.01±28.33a	120.26±13.46c		48.49±4.22a		93.29±4.22a		26.04±1.76c
盐丰47 YF47	395.36±23.43a	118.91±13.54c		47.02±5.71ab		89.79±3.79b		25.65±1.87c
方差分析 Analysis of variance
年F值 F for year(Y)	NS	4.28^*		4.33^*		5.77^*		NS
品种F值 F for variety(V)	57.38^**	19.70^**		12.42^**		13.34^**		82.14^**
年×品种F值 F for Y×V	NS	NS		NS		2.45^*		NS
品种 Variety	库容量/(g/m²) Sink capacity		产量/(t/hm²) Yield		地上干物质量/(t/hm²) Dry biomass weight of above-ground		收获指数/% Harvest index
滨稻8号 BD8	1 325.03±54.59b		12.61±0.32 ab		21.41±1.37b		49.68±1.10a
滨稻10号 BD10	1 398.10±129.13a		13.06±0.54 a		22.22±1.44a		50.68±1.16a
滨稻18 BD18	1 426.84±71.59a		12.97±0.44 a		21.94±1.35ab		50.52±0.68a
津原89 JY89	1 248.45±88.25b		12.24±0.33 bc		20.70±1.19c		49.57±1.00a
垦育60 KY60	1 263.00±95.14b		11.84±0.32 c		19.25±1.38d		51.40±0.84a
盐丰47 YF47	1 205.13±64.29b		11.15±0.49 d		18.77±1.34d		49.41±1.14a
方差分析Analysis of variance
年F值 F for year(Y)	4.97^*		NS		8.72^**		NS
品种F值 F for variety(V)	10.12^**		31.59^**		91.50^**		NS
年×品种F值 F for Y×V	NS		NS		NS		NS

品种 Variety	穗数/(个/m²) Panicle number	穗粒数 Spikelets per panicle		总颖花数/ (×10³/m²) Total spikelets		结实率/% Seed-setting rate		千粒质量/g 1000-grain weight
滨稻8号 BD8	333.60±23.92c	132.74±14.77ab		44.24±3.25bc		94.34±2.57a		29.95±1.64a
滨稻10号 BD10	355.59±23.54b	130.84±14.90a		46.57±4.32ab		93.48±2.83a		29.99±1.84a
滨稻18 BD18	399.86±19.23a	124.41±14.17bc		49.75±3.57a		93.83±2.42a		28.68±1.57b
津原89 JY89	324.20±25.09c	129.45±12.77ab		41.97±4.31c		93.32±3.31a		29.72±1.53a
垦育60 KY60	403.01±28.33a	120.26±13.46c		48.49±4.22a		93.29±4.22a		26.04±1.76c
盐丰47 YF47	395.36±23.43a	118.91±13.54c		47.02±5.71ab		89.79±3.79b		25.65±1.87c
方差分析 Analysis of variance
年F值 F for year(Y)	NS	4.28^*		4.33^*		5.77^*		NS
品种F值 F for variety(V)	57.38^**	19.70^**		12.42^**		13.34^**		82.14^**
年×品种F值 F for Y×V	NS	NS		NS		2.45^*		NS
品种 Variety	库容量/(g/m²) Sink capacity		产量/(t/hm²) Yield		地上干物质量/(t/hm²) Dry biomass weight of above-ground		收获指数/% Harvest index
滨稻8号 BD8	1 325.03±54.59b		12.61±0.32 ab		21.41±1.37b		49.68±1.10a
滨稻10号 BD10	1 398.10±129.13a		13.06±0.54 a		22.22±1.44a		50.68±1.16a
滨稻18 BD18	1 426.84±71.59a		12.97±0.44 a		21.94±1.35ab		50.52±0.68a
津原89 JY89	1 248.45±88.25b		12.24±0.33 bc		20.70±1.19c		49.57±1.00a
垦育60 KY60	1 263.00±95.14b		11.84±0.32 c		19.25±1.38d		51.40±0.84a
盐丰47 YF47	1 205.13±64.29b		11.15±0.49 d		18.77±1.34d		49.41±1.14a
方差分析Analysis of variance
年F值 F for year(Y)	4.97^*		NS		8.72^**		NS
品种F值 F for variety(V)	10.12^**		31.59^**		91.50^**		NS
年×品种F值 F for Y×V	NS		NS		NS		NS

生育时期 Growth stage	品种 Variety	累积生物量/(g/m²) Accumulated biomass	占生物学产量比例/% Ratio to BS of M	群体生长率/ (g/(m²·d)) CGR
移栽-拔节	BD8	447.53±20.45a	20.57±2.59a	8.69±0.65a
Transplanting-jointing	BD10	449.40±22.57a	20.22±2.81a	8.73±0.73a
	BD18	437.69±28.69a	20.31±2.22a	8.16±0.66a
	JY89	447.92±27.45a	21.64±2.56a	8.70±0.82a
	KY60	422.54±22.42a	21.94±3.41a	8.21±0.68a
	YF47	407.10±20.57a	21.86±3.33a	7.92±0.79a
拔节-抽穗	BD8	824.22±70.25bc	37.88±4.57b	20.10±1.98bc
Jointing-heading	BD10	882.58±80.31a	39.70±5.23ab	21.53±2.77a
	BD18	860.51±86.44ab	37.87±3.24b	21.00±2.09ab
	JY89	776.17±80.57c	37.50±4.23b	18.93±1.83c
	KY60	831.11±90.23bc	43.17±3.18a	20.27±1.74bc
	YF47	752.70±79.83c	40.48±2.59ab	18.36±1.56c
抽穗-成熟期	BD8	896.27±78.34a	41.20±3.49a	17.57±2.45a
Heading-maturity	BD10	882.48±77.21a	39.70±2.57ab	17.30±1.99a
	BD18	895.75±65.32a	41.46±3.73a	17.56±2.32a
	JY89	837.46±78.45a	40.46±2.87a	16.42±2.44a
	KY60	663.36±34.56b	34.44±3.42c	13.01±1.87b
	YF47	691.89±44.48b	37.18±4.43bc	13.57±1.76b

生育时期 Growth stage	品种 Variety	累积生物量/(g/m²) Accumulated biomass	占生物学产量比例/% Ratio to BS of M	群体生长率/ (g/(m²·d)) CGR
移栽-拔节	BD8	447.53±20.45a	20.57±2.59a	8.69±0.65a
Transplanting-jointing	BD10	449.40±22.57a	20.22±2.81a	8.73±0.73a
	BD18	437.69±28.69a	20.31±2.22a	8.16±0.66a
	JY89	447.92±27.45a	21.64±2.56a	8.70±0.82a
	KY60	422.54±22.42a	21.94±3.41a	8.21±0.68a
	YF47	407.10±20.57a	21.86±3.33a	7.92±0.79a
拔节-抽穗	BD8	824.22±70.25bc	37.88±4.57b	20.10±1.98bc
Jointing-heading	BD10	882.58±80.31a	39.70±5.23ab	21.53±2.77a
	BD18	860.51±86.44ab	37.87±3.24b	21.00±2.09ab
	JY89	776.17±80.57c	37.50±4.23b	18.93±1.83c
	KY60	831.11±90.23bc	43.17±3.18a	20.27±1.74bc
	YF47	752.70±79.83c	40.48±2.59ab	18.36±1.56c
抽穗-成熟期	BD8	896.27±78.34a	41.20±3.49a	17.57±2.45a
Heading-maturity	BD10	882.48±77.21a	39.70±2.57ab	17.30±1.99a
	BD18	895.75±65.32a	41.46±3.73a	17.56±2.32a
	JY89	837.46±78.45a	40.46±2.87a	16.42±2.44a
	KY60	663.36±34.56b	34.44±3.42c	13.01±1.87b
	YF47	691.89±44.48b	37.18±4.43bc	13.57±1.76b

品种 Variety	叶面积指数/(m²/m²) LAI		光合势/ ((m²·d)/m²) GLAD	势粒比/ ((m²·d)/m²) GSR	净同化速率/ (g/(m²·d)) NAR
品种 Variety	抽穗期 Heading	成熟期 Maturity	光合势/ ((m²·d)/m²) GLAD	势粒比/ ((m²·d)/m²) GSR	净同化速率/ (g/(m²·d)) NAR
BD8	7.19±0.45abc	3.58±0.34a	356.83±28.56b	80.75±5.57ab	2.62±0.15ab
BD10	7.69±0.54a	3.76±0.35a	378.58±24.11a	81.63±7.45a	2.78±0.25a
BD18	7.43±0.67ab	3.48±0.45a	361.69±18.22ab	72.92±7.89b	2.69±0.13ab
JY89	7.08±0.76abc	3.48±0.46a	349.66±34.59b	83.60±8.22a	2.48±0.18c
KY60	6.71±0.66bc	2.31±0.28b	296.60±28.11c	61.51±7.98c	2.09±0.23d
YF47	6.42±0.46c	2.07±0.35b	243.51±29.45d	52.02±7.56d	2.35±0.17cd

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河北超高产水稻品种产量构成与生产特性分析

Analysis of Yield Composition and Production Characteristics of Super High-yield Rice Varieties in Hebei Province

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品种 Variety	抽穗期NSC/(g/m²) NSC HD	成熟期NSC/ (g/m²) NSC MA	NSC表观转移量/ (g/m²)Apparent transferred mass of NSC	NSC表观转移率/% NSC remobilization	NSC对产量贡献率/% NSC contribution to grain yield
BD8	267.48±30.25a	151.80±17.21b	114.78±10.57ab	43.04±4.51b	12.06±0.78ab
BD10	277.65±34.87a	160.18±16.42a	117.47±10.24ab	42.13±4.42b	11.83±0.56ab
BD18	271.29±32.25a	164.68±17.45ab	106.61±10.35ab	39.26±3.95b	11.21±0.62b
JY89	262.34±22.22a	165.65±18.55a	96.69±9.72b	36.77±3.73b	10.83±0.78b
KY60	227.25±25.86b	102.66±20.57c	124.60±9.55a	54.64±4.46a	14.58±1.22a
YF47	199.43±20.43c	99.25±18.33c	100.18±18.33ab	49.78±4.98a	11.73±0.92b

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