羧基化多壁碳纳米管与铅镉复合干扰水稻苗生长代谢

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20195289

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为评估羧基化多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs-COOH)与铅(Pb)镉(Cd)复合污染的生态风险提供科学依据,采用水培法,探讨了不同浓度MWCNTs-COOH(2.5,5.0,10.0 mg/L)单一及其与5 μmol/L Cd+20 μmol/L Pb(Cd+Pb)复合污染对水稻苗碳氮代谢若干指标的影响。结果显示,2.5 mg/L MWCNTs-COOH提高净光合速率(Pn)以及叶绿素、可溶性糖、淀粉、游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量,同时增加硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)和谷氨酸合成酶(GOGAT)活性,但伴随着谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)活性显著降低。而10.0 mg/L MWCNTs-COOH明显降低水稻根长、茎长、Pn以及叶绿素、可溶性糖和淀粉含量,同时抑制GS、GOGAT和GDH活性,但提高了NR活性。复合处理后,与Cd+Pb处理组相比,2.5 mg/L MWCNTs-COOH复合组根长、茎长、净光合速率、叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量、淀粉含量、GS和GOGAT活性等变化均不显著,而NR和GDH活性显著升高;10.0 mg/L MWCNTs-COOH复合组除NR活性显著升高外,以上其他指标较Cd+Pb处理组均显著下降。结果表明,低浓度MWCNTs-COOH促进水稻碳氮代谢,而高浓度MWCNTs-COOH抑制水稻碳氮代谢。复合处理后,低浓度MWCNTs-COOH与Cd+Pb复合产生协同作用,促进水稻氮代谢,但对碳代谢影响不明显;高浓度MWCNTs-COOH与Cd+Pb复合产生拮抗作用,减少光合产物的生成,显著抑制水稻碳氮代谢。此外,MWCNTs-COOH单一或与Cd+Pb复合导致游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量的升高,有助于提高水稻苗抵御逆境胁迫的能力。

关键词: 水稻, 碳/氮代谢, 可溶性蛋白, 羧基化多壁碳纳米管, 重金属

Abstract:

To provide scientific evidence for assessing the ecological risks of carboxylated multi-walled carbon ranotubes(MWCNTs-COOH)and their combined pollution with lead(Pb)and Cadmium(Cd),the present study employed a hydroponic culture system to investigate the effects of individual MWCNTs-COOH(2.5,5.0 and 10.0 mg/L)and their combination with 5 μmol/L Cd+20 μmol/L Pb(Cd+Pb)on several indicators of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in rice seedlings,and the findings provide a scientific basis assessment for the ecological risks of the combined pollution of MWCNTs-COOH and Cd+Pb.The results showed that,2.5 mg/L MWCNTs-COOH increased chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate(Pn),and enhanced the contents of soluble sugar,starch,free amino acid and soluble protein,as well as the activities of nitrate reductase(NR),glutamine synthase(GS)and glutamate synthase(GOGAT),but significantly decreased the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH).Whereas,10.0 mg/L MWCNTs-COOH evidently suppressed the growth of rice root and stem.Meanwhile,such treatment significantly reduced chlorophyll content and Pn,decreased soluble sugar and starch content,but induced NR activity accompanied by the decline in GS,GOGAT and GDH activities.After joint treatments,compared with the Cd+Pb group,the 2.5 mg/L MWCNTs-COOH combined group showed no significant changes in root and shoot length,net photosynthetic rate,as well as the contents of chlorophyll,soluble sugar,starch,and also the activities of GS and GOGAT.However,significant increases were observed in NR and GDH enzyme activities.In contrast,the 10.0 mg/L MWCNTs-COOH combined group exhibited evident decreases in all the mentioned parameters in comparison to the Cd+Pb group,except for NR activity which showed an obvious increase.The above results indicated that low concentration of MWCNTs-COOH promoted carbon and nitrogen metabolism in rice leaves,whereas high concentration of MWCNTs-COOH inhibited carbon and nitrogen metabolism.Furthermore,low concentration of MWCNTs-COOH combined with Cd+Pb showed a synergistic effect,which facilitated nitrogen metabolism of rice,but posed no apparent impact on carbon metabolism.However,high concentration of MWCNTs-COOH combined with Cd+Pb exhibited an antagonistic effect,which restrained rice growth,reduced the generation of photosynthates,and thus markedly inhibited carbon and nitrogen metabolism.In addition,MWCNTs-COOH either alone or in combination with Cd+Pb caused the increase in free amino acid and soluble protein contents,which was helpful for rice seedlings to resist adverse stress.

Key words: Rice, C/N metabolism, Soluble protein, Carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes, Heavy metal

中图分类号:

S511稻

戎红, 施祖荣, 马雪涵. 羧基化多壁碳纳米管与铅镉复合干扰水稻苗生长代谢[J]. 华北农学报, 2025, 40(S1): 114-120. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195289.

RONG Hong, SHI Zurong, MA Xuehan. Carboxylated Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Disturbed the Growth and Metabolism of Rice Seedlings under Combined Stress of Lead and Cadmium[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2025, 40(S1): 114-120. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195289.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2025/V40/IS1/114

图/表 5

图1 MWCNTs-COOH单一及其与Cd+Pb复合污染对水稻根长和茎长的影响不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。图2-5同。

Fig.1 Influences of single MWCNTs-COOH and co-exposure with Cd+Pb on root and stem lengths of rice seedlings Different lowercase indicate significant difference(P<0.05).The same as Fig.2-5.

图2 MWCNTs-COOH单一及其与Cd+Pb复合污染对水稻叶绿素含量和净光合速率的影响

Fig.2 Influences of single MWCNTs-COOH and co-exposure with Cd+Pb on chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of rice seedlings

图3 MWCNTs-COOH单一及其与Cd+Pb复合污染对水稻可溶性糖含量和淀粉含量的影响

Fig.3 Influences of single MWCNTs-COOH and co-exposure with Cd+Pb on starch and total soluble sugar contents of rice seedlings

图4 MWCNTs-COOH单一及其与Cd+Pb复合污染对水稻NR、GS、GOGAT及GDH活性的影响

Fig.4 Influences of single MWCNTs-COOH and co-exposure with Cd+Pb on NR,GS,GOGAT and GDH activities of rice seedlings

图5 MWCNTs-COOH单一及其与Cd+Pb复合污染对水稻总游离氨基酸含量和可溶性蛋白含量的影响

Fig.5 Influences of single MWCNTs-COOH and co-exposure with Cd+Pb on total free amino acid and soluble protein contents of rice seedlings

参考文献 27

[1]	Mallakpour S, Zadehnazari A. A facile,efficient,and rapid covalent functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with natural amino acids under microwave irradiation[J]. Progress in Organic Coatings, 2014, 77(3):679-684.doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2013.12.003. URL
[2]	刘玲, 杨俊文, 陈成, 戴慧芳, 许婷婷, 孟壮, 方炎明. 羧基化多壁碳纳米管单一及其与镉复合处理对水稻幼苗叶片毒性效应的研究[J]. 植物资源与环境学报, 2020, 29(1):37-43.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-7895.2020.01.05.
	Liu L, Yang J W, Chen C, Dai H F, Xu T T, Meng Z, Fang Y M. Research on toxic effects of single carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and its combined treatments with cadmium on leaves of Oryza sativa seedlings[J]. Journal of Plant Resources and Environment, 2020, 29(1):37-43.
[3]	Cole E, Ray J L, Bolten S, Hamilton R F Jr, Shaw P K, Postma B, Buford M, Holian A, Cho Y H. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes of varying size lead to DNA methylation changes that correspond to lung inflammation and injury in a mouse model[J]. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 2019, 32(8):1545-1553.doi:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00075. pmid: 31265265
[4]	Jung Y J, Muneeswaran T, Choi J S, Kim S, Han J H, Cho W S, Park J W. Modified toxic potential of multi-walled carbon nanotubes to zebrafish(Danio rerio)following a two-year incubation in water[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2024, 462:132763.doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132763. URL
[5]	Gohari G, Safai F, Panahirad S, Akbari A, Rasouli F, Dadpour M R, Fotopoulos V. Modified multiwall carbon nanotubes display either phytotoxic or growth promoting and stress protecting activity in Ocimum basilicum L.in a concentration-dependent manner[J]. Chemosphere, 2020, 249:126171.doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126171. URL
[6]	郭严冬, 周义峰, 郑玉红, 张明霞, 廖恩慧, 曹建国. 多壁碳纳米管对水蕨配子体发育及孢子体产生的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2024, 44(1):45-50.doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2024.01.007.
	Guo Y D, Zhou Y F, Zheng Y H, Zhang M X, Liao E H, Cao J G. Effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on gametophyte development and sporophyte production of Ceratopteris thalictroides[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2024, 44(1):45-50.
[7]	Ilieva-Makulec K, Augustyniuk-Kram A, Olejniczak I, Karaban K, Boniecki P, Nowicki M, Runka T, Kulczycki A, Kałużny J. Medium-term response of the natural grassland soil biota to multiwalled carbon nanotube contamination[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2021, 779:146392.doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146392. URL
[8]	Song B, Zeng Z T, Zeng G M, Gong J L, Xiao R, Chen M, Tang X, Ye S J, Shen M C. Effects of hydroxyl,carboxyl,and amino functionalized carbon nanotubes on the functional diversity of microbial community in riverine sediment[J]. Chemosphere, 2021, 262:128053.doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128053. URL
[9]	Yang S F, Xiao Q C, Li B, Zhou T, Cen Q H, Liu Z W, Zhou Y. Insights into remediation of cadmium and lead contaminated-soil by Fe-Mn modified biochar[J]. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2024, 12(3):112771.doi:10.1016/j.jece.2024.112771. URL
[10]	Guo W, Guo R B, Pei H B, Wang B J, Liu N J, Mo Z L. Electrospinning PAN/PEI/MWCNTs-COOH nanocomposite fiber membrane with excellent oil-in-water separation and heavy metal ion adsorption capacity[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2022, 641:128557.doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128557. URL
[11]	刘海涛, 汪承润, 刘玲, 柳云云, 叶蕴, 罗康康. 羧基化多壁碳纳米管与铅镉对蚕豆幼苗叶片的氧化损伤[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2018, 34(8):745-754.doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.08.011.
	Liu H T, Wang C R, Liu L, Liu Y Y, Ye Y, Luo K K. Oxidative damages of carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes,lead and cadmium in the leaves of Vicia faba seedlings[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2018, 34(8):745-754.
[12]	任毛飞, 毛桂玲, 刘善振, 王慰亲, 郑华斌, 唐启源. 光质对植物生长发育、光合作用和碳氮代谢的影响研究进展[J]. 植物生理学报, 2023, 59(7):1211-1228.doi:10.13592/j.cnki.ppj.300151.
	Ren M F, Mao G L, Liu S Z, Wang W Q, Zheng H B, Tang Q Y. Research progress on the effects of light quality on plant growth and development,photosynthesis,and carbon and nitrogen metabolism[J]. Plant Physiology Journal, 2023, 59(7):1211-1228.
[13]	Tan X Q, Li H, Wang C M, Tang D D, Chen W, Tan L Q, Yang Y, Yang C J, Tang Q. The removal of flower buds improves the yield and quality of tea shoots by mediating carbon and nitrogen metabolism in the source leaves[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2024, 326:112735.doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2023.112735. URL
[14]	Yoshida S, Forno D A, Cock J H, Gomez K A. Laboratory manual for physiological studies of rice[M].3rd edn.Manila, Philippines: International Rice Research Institute, 1976:61-64.
[15]	王小纯, 熊淑萍, 马新明, 张娟娟, 王志强. 不同形态氮素对专用型小麦花后氮代谢关键酶活性及籽粒蛋白质含量的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2005, 25(4):802-807.doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2005.04.022.
	Wang X C, Xiong S P, Ma X M, Zhang J J, Wang Z Q. Effects of different nitrogen forms on key enzyme activity involved in nitrogen metabolism and grain protein content in speciality wheat cultivars[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2005, 25(4):802-807.
[16]	戎红, 汪承润, 陶雨晴. 苯并三唑与镉对水稻幼苗生长的联合毒性效应研究[J]. 植物科学学报, 2022, 40(5):688-694.doi:10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2022.50688.
	Rong H, Wang C R, Tao Y Q. Study on the combined toxic effects of benzotriazole and cadmium on growth of rice seedlings[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2022, 40(5):688-694.
[17]	Hussain S, Khaliq A, Ali Noor M, Tanveer M, Hussain H A, Hussain S, Shah T, Mehmood T. Metal toxicity and nitrogen metabolism in plants:an overview[M]// Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling in Soil. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019:221-248.doi:10.1007/978-981-13-7264-3_7.
[18]	Kchikich A, Roussi Z, Krid A, Nhhala N, Ennoury A, Benmrid B, Kounnoun A, El Maadoudi M, Nhiri N, Mohamed N. Effects of mycorrhizal symbiosis and Ulva lactuca seaweed extract on growth,carbon/nitrogen metabolism,and antioxidant response in cadmium-stressed sorghum plant[J]. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 2024, 30(4):605-618.doi:10.1007/s12298-024-01446-5. pmid: 38737317
[19]	陈克玲, 王德权, 宋德伟, 王大海, 王玉华, 管恩森, 杨明峰, 刘江, 马兴华. 施氮量对烟草品种上部叶生长发育及碳氮代谢的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2025, 40(1):122-132.doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194972.
	Chen K L, Wang D Q, Song D W, Wang D H, Wang Y H, Guan E S, Yang M F, Liu J, Ma X H. Effects of nitrogen application rate on growth,development,carbon and nitrogen metabolism of upper leaves of different flue-cured tobacco varieties[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2025, 40(1):122-132. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194972
[20]	刘柯宁, 张力允, 刘博文, 许均强, 罗恩泽, 许岳飞. 多效唑对高羊茅弱光下生长及其碳氮代谢的调控作用[J]. 草地学报, 2023, 31(1):106-111.doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2023.01.012.
	Liu K N, Zhang L Y, Liu B W, Xu J Q, Luo E Z, Xu Y F. Regulatory effect of paclobutrazol on growth and carbon/nitrogen metabolism of tall fescue under low light[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2023, 31(1):106-111.
[21]	郝蕴彰, 李萍, 宗毓铮, 张东升, 史鑫蕊, 郝兴宇. 大气CO₂浓度和气温升高对藜麦生长及碳氮代谢的影响[J]. 核农学报, 2023, 37(6):1279-1287.doi:10.11869/j.issn.1000-8551.2023.06.1279.
	Hao Y Z, Li P, Zong Y Z, Zhang D S, Shi X R, Hao X Y. Effects of elevated CO₂ concentration and increased air temperature on growth and the metabolism of carbon and nitrogen in quinoa(Chenopodium quinoa willd)[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 37(6):1279-1287.
[22]	凌丹丹, 雒佳铭, 刘晓英, 储靖宇, 徐志刚, 樊小雪. 不同光质组合对番茄开花初期碳、氮代谢及其关键酶活性的影响[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2021, 44(4):622-627.doi:10.7685/jnau.202008034.
	Ling D D, Luo J M, Liu X Y, Chu J Y, Xu Z G, Fan X X. Effects of different light quality combinations on carbon and nitrogen metabolism and enzyme activities of tomato in early flowering period[J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 2021, 44(4):622-627.
[23]	王瑞, 李向岭, 郭栋, 王新兵, 马玮, 李从锋, 赵明, 周宝元. 增施氮肥对夏玉米花后高温胁迫下籽粒碳氮代谢的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(12):3342-3351.doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.33003.
	Wang R, Li X L, Guo D, Wang X B, Ma W, Li C F, Zhao M, Zhou B Y. Effects of application nitrogen on carbon and nitrogen metabolism of summer maize grain under post-silking heat stress[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(12):3342-3351. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.33003
[24]	赵跃, 吕永超, 陈小姝, 李美君, 郭峰, 高华援, 张志民, 李春雨. 不同施氮水平对黑钙土花生碳氮代谢相关酶活性、产量和品质的影响[J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2024, 46(1):122-128.doi:10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2022223.
	Zhao Y, Lyu Y C, Chen X S, Li M J, Guo F, Gao H Y, Zhang Z M, Li C Y. Effects of nitrogen application rates on enzyme activities related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism,yield and quality of peanut in chernozem[J]. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 2024, 46(1):122-128.
[25]	王新磊, 吕新芳. 氮代谢参与植物逆境抵抗的作用机理研究进展[J]. 广西植物, 2020, 40(4):583-591.doi:10.11931/guihaia.gxzw201901007.
	Wang X L, Lyu X F. Research progress on mechanism of nitrogen metabolism involved in plant stress resistance[J]. Guihaia, 2020, 40(4):583-591.
[26]	胡紫薇. 水氮变化对羊草碳氮代谢关键酶活性与芽库大小关系的影响[D]. 长春: 东北师范大学, 2023.doi:10.27011/d.cnki.gdbsu.2023.001602.
	Hu Z W. Effect of water and nitrogen changes on the relationships between activity of the key enzymes in relation to carbon and nitrogen metabolism and bud bank size in Leymus chinensis[D]. Changchun: Northeast Normal University, 2023.
[27]	孙天国, 衣兰, 谷新颖, 王思琪, 张爽. 外源亚精胺对苜蓿幼苗干旱缓解生理机制分析[J]. 草地学报, 2024, 32(7):2099-2105.doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2024.07.011.
	Sun T G, Yi L, Gu X Y, Wang S Q, Zhang S. Analysis of the physiological mechanism of drought alleviation of alfalfa seedlings by exogenous spermidin[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2024, 32(7):2099-2105.

选择文件类型/文献管理软件名称

选择包含的内容