不同砧木对马瑟兰葡萄生长及果实品质的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.201751612

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对新疆产区研究砧木对接穗影响的研究较少，探讨不同砧木对马瑟兰葡萄生长势、光合特性和果实品质的影响，旨在为新疆玛纳斯河流域生产上选择适宜的酿酒葡萄砧穗组合提供理论依据。以2 a生马瑟兰/5BB、马瑟兰/SO4砧穗组合为处理，马瑟兰自根为对照，测定不同砧木马瑟兰的生长势、光合与叶绿素荧光参数及果实品质，并用主成分分析方法综合评价砧穗组合的优劣。结果表明：马瑟兰/5BB的节间粗度、节间长度、SPAD值、坐果量显著高于马瑟兰自根苗。马瑟兰/5BB净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）及PSⅡ实际光化学效率（Φ_PSⅡ）最大，胞间CO₂浓度（Ci）、非光化学猝灭系数（NPQ）最小。马瑟兰/SO4穗质量、果皮厚度、种子数量均最大，而葡萄皮总单宁含量最小。马瑟兰/5BB总糖含量、葡萄皮总类黄酮含量、葡萄皮总花色苷含量最大，而种子质量最小。根据主成分分析的综合得分由高到低依次为：马瑟兰/5BB > 马瑟兰/SO4 > 马瑟兰自根苗。研究发现，砧木5BB的适应性优于SO4，且马瑟兰/5BB砧穗组合的亲和性高、生长势强、光合作用效率高、果实品质优，为新疆玛纳斯河流域适宜的砧穗组合。

关键词: 马瑟兰葡萄, 砧穗组合, 生长势, 光合特性, 叶绿素荧光特性, 果实品质, 主成分分析

Abstract: In order to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of suitable scion-stock combinations of wine grape in Xinjiang Manas River Basin, we studied the growth, photosynthetic property and fruit quality of different combinations. 2-year-old rootstock scion combinations of Marselan/SO4 and Marselan/5BB were selected as the treatments, and Marselan seedling was used as control. The growth, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and fruit quality of Marselan were measured. The inter-segment thickness, inter-segment length, SPAD value and the fruit setting of Marselan/5BB were significantly higher than those of Marselan. The net photosynthetic rate(Pn), stomatal conductance(Gs)and PSⅡ actual photochemical efficiency(Φ_PSⅡ)of Marselan/5BB were the highest, while the intercellular CO₂ concentration(Ci)and the non-photochemical quenching coefficient(NPQ)was the lowest. Matheran/SO4 had the largest panicle quality, peel thickness and seed quantity, while grape skins had the smallest total tannin content. The total sugar content, total flavonoid content and total phenol content of grape skin in Marselan/5BB were the largest, but the seed weight was the smallest. According to the principal component analysis, the comprehensive scores were from high to low:Marselan/5BB > Marselan/SO4 > Marselan self-root seedlings. It suggested that the resistance of 5BB was better than that of SO4. Marselan/5BB was a suitable combination in Xinjiang Manas River Basin, possessing the great growth potential, high photosynthetic capacity and good fruit quality.

中图分类号:

S663.01

高展, 彭媛媛, 董凯向, 周龙. 不同砧木对马瑟兰葡萄生长及果实品质的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2019, 34(5): 170-176. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.201751612.

GAO Zhan, PENG Yuanyuan, DONG Kaixiang, ZHOU Long. Effects of Different Rootstocks on the Growth and Fruit Quality of Marselan Grapes[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2019, 34(5): 170-176. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.201751612.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2019/V34/I5/170

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