摘要： 评价了东北地区不同马铃薯品种苗期对氮素吸收利用的差异，筛选出对氮素响应度高的马铃薯基因型，为马铃薯氮高效利用基因型的选育和机理研究提供理论基础。采用盆栽试验方法比较了不同基因型马铃薯在3个供氮水平下苗期获取氮素能力的差异及其原因。结果表明，在不同供氮水平下，不同基因型马铃薯积累氮素能力差异显著。随着供氮水平的提高，东农310、延薯4号、克新13号和克新22号4个马铃薯品种的氮素积累量增加幅度显著，对氮素的响应度高；而东农308、东农311、东农312、东农316、延薯9号、延薯7号、克新19号7个马铃薯品种的氮素积累量增加幅度较小，对氮素的响应度低。对氮素响应度高的基因型其硝酸还原酶活性（NRA）、谷氨酰胺合成酶活性（GSA）和根系活力随着供氮水平的提高增加幅度较高，而叶绿素值（SPAD）的增加幅度较小；其氮素积累量、NRA、GSA、根系活力和SPAD值的增加幅度稍高于对氮素响应度低的基因型。对低氮和高氮条件下马铃薯氮素积累量与NRA、GSA、SPAD、根系活力进行了相关性分析，结果显示，NRA和GSA能更好地反映马铃薯苗期积累氮素能力，比SPAD值和根系活力的可靠性更好，NRA和GSA的强弱可以作为评价马铃薯苗期积累氮素能力的重要指标。

关键词: 马铃薯, 氮素积累量, 响应度

Abstract: The differences in nitrogen(N) uptake and utilization of different potato varieties at seedling stage in Northeast China were evaluated,and potato genotypes with high responsiveness to N were screened to provide a theoretical basis for the selection and mechanism study of potato N efficient genotypes. Pot experiment was used to compare the differences in the ability of different genotypes of potato to obtain N at the seedling stage under the three levels of N supply and their causes. The results showed that different N supply levels had significant differences in the ability of different genotypes to auumulate N. With the increased of N supply levels,the N accumulation of four potato varieties such as Dongnong 310,Yanshu 4,Kexin 13 and Kexin 22 increased significantly. The response rate was high,while the N accumulation of seven potato varieties such as Dongnong 308,Dongnong 311,Dongnong 312,Dongnong 316,Yanshu 9,Yanshu 7 and Kexin 19 had no significant increase,and the response to N was low. For the genotypes with high nitrogen responsiveness,the Nitrate reductase active(NRA),Glutamine synthetase active(GSA),and root activity a little bit increased significantly with increasing N supply levels,while the chlorophyll(SPAD)values increased less. The increase in N accumulation,NRA,GSA,root activity,and SPAD values were significantly greater than those with low N response. The correlations between N accumulation and NRA,GSA,SPAD,and root activity of potato under low N and high N conditions were analyzed. NRA and GSA activity could better reflect the N accumulation ability of potato during seedling stage,the ratio of SPAD and root activity. The reliability is better,and the strength of NRA and GSA activity can be used as an important indicator for evaluating the N uptake accumulation of potato seedlings.

Key words: Potato, N accumulation, Response degree

中图分类号: 

• S143.1

• S532.03