摘要： 云南部分水稻地方品种栽培历史悠久,是种质资源有效保护、可持续发展研究的极佳材料。利用24个SSR标记和20个表型性状,对采自元阳哈尼梯田4个村寨的40份月亮谷和5份对照品种进行分析。结果显示,24个标记共检测出67个等位基因,平均2.79个,变幅为1~4个,有效等位基因为36.60个,平均1.52个,变幅为1.05~ 2.58,Nei多样性指数平均值为0.64。40份月亮谷的质量性状变异系数较小;数量性状变异系数较大,变异系数范围为2.54%~24.89%。研究表明,相同地方品种不同村寨的居群遗传多样性不同,当地农民通过村寨之间的交换维系地方品种的持久发展。

关键词: 水稻, 微卫星标记, 遗传多样性, 农家保护

Abstract: Some rice landraces have been planted for a long history, and are important research samples for effective conservation and sustainable development of crop germplasm resources. In this research } we analyzed the genetic diversity of 40 Yuelianggu samples from 4 villages in Yuanyang Hani's terraced fields by using 24 SSR markers and 20 phenotypic traits. The results showed that a total of 67 alleles were found in all of the samples with the average of 2. 79 and range from 1 to 4. The number of effective allele was 36. 60 with the mean of 1.52 and ranged from 1 .05 to 2. 58. The mean of Nei'genetic diversity index (I) was 0. 64. The variation coefficient of 40 samples was larger than those of qualitative coefficient with a range from 2. 54%一24. 89%.The results also showed that the same local variety had different genetic diversity when planted at different villages. Exchanging seed among villages can be used to keep a sustainable development for the local varieties.

Key words: Oryza sativa L., Microsatellite, Genetic diversity, Farm conservation

中图分类号: 

• S511.03