摘要： 对普通小麦兼性无融合生殖基因型HS8611细胞胚胎学连续切片观察:在胚囊形成过程中,从造孢细胞出现至八核幼小胚囊期,行有性生殖。可观察到有性生殖典型特征;八核幼小胚囊形成至成熟胚囊期,卵器发生一次核内有丝分裂,分裂后的两个子核进行融合;卵细胞在开花前两天,提前发育,行单性生殖;去雄后的小花内,卵细胞自主发育到二核幼胚阶段,与静止时期的极核细胞或极核自主融合后产生的次生大细胞及完整的反足细胞,同时存在;开花后,卵细胞始终保持领先发育,形成提前分化的幼胚与落后的游离胚乳核。
关键词:
普通小麦,
细胞胚胎学,
核内有丝分裂,
无融合生殖机理
Abstract: Consecutive cyto embryological observation was made on a facultative apomictic genotype HS 86-11 in common wheat.Results were as follow:(1).Meiosis did happen during the megaspore mother cell (MMC) initiation to young embryo sac formation.(2).There was a mitosis inside the cell nucleus of egg apparatus during the developing of young embryo sac to its mature.2 new daughter caryon followed unionized to one and cell number of egg apparatus restored to previous level,i.e.one egg cell and two synergies.(3).Precociousness of egg cell has been observed before flowering.On the contra to the sexual reproduction,the egg cell behaved parthenogenesis and developed 2 days before flowering.(4).Varies stages of it have been found and the last one was in the 2 celled young embryo stage.The developed young embryo,stilling polar cell,or regenerated new big cell from polar cell unionized,and the intact antipodal cells coexist in same embryo.(5).Advanced egg cell developing kept dominant after flowering but the primary endosperm nucleus was lagged.It was disrupted that the correlation betwwen young embryo and endosperm according to the sexual production.
Key words:
Common wheat,
Cyto embryological observation,
Mitosis inside cell,
Apomictic mechanism
中图分类号:
李慧敏, 赵凤梧, 栗雨勤, 王雪征, 张文英, 李爱国, 孟祥海. 普通小麦种内卵器开花前细胞核内有丝分裂现象[J]. 华北农学报, 2002, 17(S1): 162-166. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-7091.2002.z1.036.
LI Hui-min, ZHAO Feng-wu, LI Yu-qin, WANG Xue-zheng, ZHANG Wen-ying, LI Ai-guo, MENG Xiang-hai. The Phenomena of Mitosis Inside Cell Nucleus of Egg Apparatus Before Flowering in Winter Wheat[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2002, 17(S1): 162-166. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-7091.2002.z1.036.